Unit 1 Mental health vs Mental illness Chapter 1

Question 1

What is Mental health?

Answer 1

Mental health is a state of well-being in which individuals reach their own potential, cope with the normal stresses of life, work productively, and contribute to the community. Mental health provides people with the capacity for rational thinking, com- munication skills, learning, emotional growth, resilience, and self-esteem.

Question 2

What is Mental illness?

Answer 2

Mental illness refers to all psychiatric disorders that have definable diagnoses. These disorders are manifested in significant dysfunctions that may be related to developmental, biolog- ical, or psychological disturbances in mental functioning.

Not able to go on with activity of daily living.

Not able to cope with stressors of life

Question 3

Is this scenario an example of mental health or mental illness?

“Your first-time mom hasn’t been with eating enough meals throughout they due to the stress of having twin babies. She has recently seen herself as fat and refuses to eat although her BMI is in standard range for her height?

A. Mental illness
B. Mental health

Answer 3

A. Mental illness

Question 4

What is a key word associated with Mental health?

A. Dysfunction
B. Schizophrenia
C. Resilience
D. Disturbance

Answer 4

C. Resilience

Mental health provides people with the capacity for rational thinking, com- munication skills, learning, emotional growth, resilience, and self-esteem.

Question 5

What is the definition Resilience?

Answer 5

Resilience is the ability and capacity for people to secure the resources they need to support their well-being. It is a quality found in some children of poverty and abuse who seek out trusted adults. These adults provide them with the psychological and physical resources that allow them to excel.

Question 6

What makes some people adapt to tragedy, loss, trauma, and severe stress better than others?

Answer 6

individual attribute of resilience.

Question 7

Which of the following statements are is true about Mental Health Continuum?

A. Once a patient has reached marked distress they can only decrease to moderate distress.
B.The patient who has experienced Marked distress may show signs and symptoms of suicidal ideation.
C. Patients that display marked distress is able to to continue on with activities of daily life.
D. There is 5 stages of the Mental health continuum

Answer 7

B.The patient who has experienced Marked distress may show signs and symptoms of suicidal ideation.

Question 8

Your patient has recently lost his job after working for the company for 15 years. He is currently back on his morgage because of the loss of his job. Despite the setbacks he still has hope that there is something bigger and better in the future.
What phenomenon is your patient displaying?

A. Mild distress
B. Resilience
C. Moderate distress
D. Marked Distress

Answer 8

B. Resilience

Question 9

Do individuals that display resilience are unaffected by stressors in life?

A. Yes
B. No

Answer 9

B. No

Being resilient does not mean being unaffected by stressors. People who are resilient are effective at regulating their emo- tions and not focusing on negative, self-defeating thoughts.

Question 10

What is the number attribute that individuals with resilience display?

A. Negative coping skills
B. Unmasked grief
C. Complicated Grief
D. Great coping skills

Answer 10

D. Great coping skills

coping with your stressors and finding outlets can heavily increase your resilience in life situations.

Question 11

Which of the following falls under Mental illness?

A. Epilepsy
B. Depression
C. Sleep apnea
D. Down syndrome

Answer 11

B. Depression

Mental illness is categorized by

*All psychiatric disorders
-Schizophrenia Spectrum
Disorders
-Depressive Disorders
-Post traumatic disorder
-Suicidal ideation

*Significant dysfunction

Question 12

Mental illness is categorized by…

Answer 12

*All psychiatric disorders
-Schizophrenia Spectrum
Disorders
-Depressive Disorders
-Post traumatic disorder
-Suicidal ideation

*Significant dysfunction

Question 13

Your patient has recently been divorced and is seeking a support group to cope with this heartbreak. Is your patient exhibiting resilience?

A. Yes
B. No

Answer 13

A. Yes

Resilience: the ability and capacity for people to secure resources
needed for well-being.

Question 14

Risk factors for mental illness Socio economic

Answer 14

Social (Family, peer groups, school) circumstances can..
*inadequacy,
*Instilling anxiety

-Your immediate social surroundings impact personal attributes.

The earliest social group, the family, has tremendous effects on developing and vulnerable humans.

The family sets the stage in promoting confidence and coping skills or for instilling anxiety and feelings of inadequacy.

Economic
resources available to increase mental health

(from book )
For example, socioeconomic status dictates the sort of resources available to support mental health and reduce concerns over basic needs such as food, clothing, and shelter. Educational advancement is a tremendous supporter of mental health by providing opportunities for a satisfying career, security, and economic benefits.

Question 15

Protective Factors for mental illness

Answer 15

Social and or economic (Family, peer groups, school) circumstances can..

*promote confidence,
*coping skills,
*resilience

Question 16

Environmental views on Mental illness (Culture)

Answer 16

Access and lack of access to basic needs and commodities such as health- care, water, safety services, and a strong highway system have a profound effect on community mental health

Predominant cultural beliefs, attitudes, and practices influence mental health. There is no standard measure for mental health, partly because it is culturally defined.

Question 17

Biological or genetic factor influence of mental health

Answer 17

Biological and genetic factors can also influence mental health.

Prenatal exposure to alcohol and oxygen deprivation at birth are two examples of biological factors.

Genetic factors are huge predictors of mental health and are implicated in nearly every psychiatric disorder.

Question 18

Is mental health culturally defined?

A. Yes
B. No

Answer 18

A. Yes

Question 19

Why are stigmas harmful to the evolution of mental health and the diagnosing of Mental illnesses

Answer 19

One problem with this distinction is that it implies that psy- chiatric disorders are “all in the head.”

Most damaging is the belief that these disorders are under personal control and indistinguishable from a choice to engage in bad behavior.

These beliefs support the stigma to which people with mental illness are often subjected.

Stigma, the belief that the overall person is flawed, is characterized by social shunning, disgrace, and shame.

Simpler def. of Stigma : a set of negative and often unfair beliefs that a society or group of people have about something.

Question 20

What the does the Diathesis stress model prove?

Answer 20

in which diathesis represents biological predisposition and stress represents environmental stress or trauma—is the most accepted explanation for mental illness.

PREDISPOSITION+STRESS= DISORDER MANIFESTED

One person may develop major depressive disorder largely as the result of an inherited and biological vulnerability that alters brain chemistry.

Question 21

What is the priority when your client is showing shows of mild distress from work stress?

Answer 21

Promote healthy coping mechanism to decrease their risk of going into Marked distress

Question 22

Is Marked distress permanent according to the Mental Health continuum?

A. No
B. Yes

Answer 22

A. No

A patient can go back and forth from mild distress to moderate distress from marked distress.

Question 23

Which of the following statements are true about the Diathesis Stress model?

A. when stress or triggers increase and alongside a patient previous family history having bipolar disorder , there is a high chance that the patient will have no disorder manifested.
B. when stress or triggers increase and alongside a patient previous family history having Schizophrenia , there is a high chance that the patient will have the disorder manifested.
C. A patient with no stress and a family history of suicidal ideation has no chance of manifesting the disorder.
D. There is no direct correlation to any disorder manifesting when a patient is predisposed due to family history and increased stress.

Answer 23

B. when stress or triggers increase and alongside a patient previous family history having Schizophrenia , there is a high chance that the patient will have the disorder manifested.

Diathesis -
Predisposition
(genetics)
* Stress – Triggers the
disorder
* Both diathesis and
stress are present for
the disorder

Question 24

Mental Health Parity(Equality) Act , what is the importance?

Answer 24

The Mental Health Parity Act was passed in 1996. This legislation required insurers that provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgi- cal coverage.

before the act was passed Mental health was not covered by insurance as equally as medical/surgical coverage.

Insurance companies had to cover mental health services

Question 25

Affordable Care Act, What is the importance of it?

Answer 25

*Medical Hx can not result in denials, or “pre-existing condition”
* No lifetime or annual dollar limit
* Available to many who previously have been uninsured
* Prescription coverage
* Cover preventive care at no cost to the patient
* Young adults to remain on parents’ health care plan until the age of 26

Question 26

How are Mental illnesses disorders diagnosed?

A. by their symptoms
B. by doctors observations
C. by families concerns
D. by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual.

Answer 26

D. by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual.

The following disorders or diagnosed solely by the the Diagnostic. and Statistical Manual (DSM-5)

Schizophrenia Spectrum
Disorders
* Depressive Disorders
* Trauma and Stressor-Related
Disorders
* Feeding and Eating Disorders

Question 27

. A nursing student new to psychiatric-mental health nursing asks a peer what resources he can use to figure out which symptoms are present in a specific psychiatric disorder. The best answer would be:
A. National Institute of Mental Illness
B. National Alliance on Mental Illness
C. International Classification for Nursing Practice
D. DSM

Answer 27

d. DSM

The patient must meet strict criteria from the DSM book during interview in order to be diagnosed with a mental illness.

If the criteria is a minimum 5/10
but the patients symptoms are only 3/10

the patient will not be diagnosed with such disorder

Question 28

Basic Level Registered nurse Scope of Practice

Answer 28

RN who can work in most any
general or specialty area
* PMH-RN – diploma,
associate or bachelor’s
degree and chooses to work
in the specialty of psych

Registered nurses can treat with medication and offer therapeutic communication techniques (psychotherapy).
Nurses can also teach and educate patients on coping skills

Question 29

Advances Practical Psychiatric Registered Nurse Scope of Practice (PMH-APRN)

Answer 29

*These expert nurses were originally trained to provide individual therapy and group therapy in state psychiatric hospitals and to provide training for other staff.

Eventually they, along with psychiatric nurse practitioners (NPs) who were introduced in the mid-1960s, gained…
*diagnostic privileges,
*prescriptive authority, and the *ability to provide psychotherapy(building upon therapeutic communication).
Currently, the psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurse (PMH-APRN)

Question 30

As nurse manager on the psychiatric unit you notice that a patient on the unit is getting combative and ballistic? What is your first action?

A. Try to deescalate the situation through verbal and therapeutic communication.
B. Offer the patient something cold to cool down.
C. Offer the patient Ativan.
D. Restrain the patient to ensure the staff and the patients on the unit are safe.

Answer 30

A. Try to deescalate the situation through verbal and therapeutic communication.

Question 31

Are stigmas like stereotypes?

A. Yes
B. No

Answer 31

A. Yes

Question 32

When providing respectful, appropriate nursing care, how should the nurse identify the patient and his or her observ- able characteristics?
a. The manic patient in room 234
b. The patient in room 234 is a manic
c. The patient in room 234 is possibly a manic
d. The patient in room 234 is displaying manic behavior

Answer 32

d. The patient in room 234 is displaying manic behavior

Question 33

Recognizing the frequency of depression among the Amer- ican population, the nurse should advocate for which men- tal health promotion intervention?
a. Including discussions on depression as part of school
health classes
b. Providing regular depression screening for adolescent
and teenage students
c. Increasing the number of community-based depression
hotlines available to the public
d. Encouraging senior centers to provide information on
accessing community depression resources

Answer 33

b. Providing regular depression screening for adolescent
and teenage students

Question 34

Which statement made by a patient demonstrates a healthy
degree of resilience? Select all that apply.
a. “I try to remember not to take other people’s bad moods
personally.”
b. “I know that if I get really mad, I’ll end up being
depressed.”
c. “I really feel that sometimes bad things are meant to
happen.”
d. “I’ve learned to calm down before trying to defend my opinions.”
e. “I know that discussing issues with my boss would help me get my point across.”

Answer 34

A,D,E

Question 35

Which statement demonstrates the nurse’s understanding of the effect of environmental factors on a patient’s mental health?
a. “I’ll need to assess how the patient’s family views mental
illness.”
b. “There is a history of depression in the patient’s extended
family.”
c. “I’m not familiar with the patient’s cultural view on
suicide.”
d. “The patient’s ability to pay for mental health services
needs to be assessed.”

Answer 35

c. “I’m not familiar with the patient’s cultural view on
suicide.”

Question 36

When considering stigmatization, which statement made by the nurse demonstrates a need for immediate interven- tion by the nurse manager?
a. “Depression seems to be a real problem among the teen-
age population.”
b. “My experience has been that the Irish have a problem
with alcohol use.”
c. “Women are at greater risk for developing suicidal
thoughts than acting on them.”
d. “We’ve admitted several military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder this month.”

Answer 36

b. “My experience has been that the Irish have a problem
with alcohol use.”

Question 37

Which of the following activities would be considered
nursing care and appropriate to be performed by a basic level nurse for a patient suffering from mental illness?
a. Treating major depressive disorder
b. Teaching coping skills for a specific family dynamic
c. Conducting psychotherapy
d. Prescribing antidepressant medication

Answer 37

b. Teaching coping skills for a specific family dynamic

Question 38

Which statement about mental illness is true?

a. Mental illness is a matter of individual nonconformity with societal norms.
b. Mental illness is present when irrational and illogical behavior occurs.
c. Mental illness changes with culture, time in history, political systems, and the groups defining it.
d. Mental illness is evaluated solely by considering individ- ual control over behavior and appraisal of reality.

Answer 38

c. Mental illness changes with culture, time in history, political systems, and the groups defining it.

Question 39

Which individual behavior demonstrates resilience?
a. Repress stressors associated with a divorce.
b. Continuing to grieve the death of a spouse for 5 years.
c. Continuing to live in a shelter for 2 years after the home is destroyed by fire.
d. Taking a temporary job to maintain financial stability after loss of a permanent job.

Answer 39

d. Taking a temporary job to maintain financial stability after loss of a permanent job.

ANS: D
Resilience is closely associated with the process of adapting and helps people facing tragedies, loss, trauma, and severe stress. It is the ability and capacity for people to secure the resources they need to support their well-being. Repression and protracted grief are unhealthy. Living in a shelter for 2 years shows a failure to move forward after a tragedy. See related audience response question.

Question 40

Mental Health Parity ACT

Answer 40

The Mental Health Parity Act was passed in 1996. This legislation required insurers that provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgi- cal coverage.

before the act was passed Mental health was not covered by insurance as equally as medical/surgical coverage.

Insurance companies had to cover mental health services

Question 41

Your psychiatric patient with chronic heart disease has just been diagnosed with depression. He is concerned that his insurance will not cover his depression treatment. Which law ensures that mental health prevention and treatment must be included and insurance coverage?

A.HIPAA
B. Mental health status exam
C.Affordability Care Act
D. Mental Parity Act

Answer 41

D. Mental Parity Act

The Mental Health Parity Act was passed in 1996. This legislation required insurers that provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgi- cal coverage.

before the act was passed Mental health was not covered by insurance as equally as medical/surgical coverage.

Insurance companies had to cover mental health services