UNIT 10 Sexual Assault Chapter 29 Flashcards
What is Sexual assault
Sexual assault and sexual violence are broad terms that encompass unwanted sexual advances , rape, harassment, sexual trafficking and much
more.
What is Rape
– Completed Rape – Completed rape is defined as “penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim”
– Attempted Rape – Threats of rape or intention to rape that is unsuccessful are referred to an attempted rape.
Date Rape
– Date Rape Drugs – often combined with alcohol
– Victim loses the ability to fight off the perpetrator
– Develop amnesia and become unreliable witnesses
– Symptoms mimic those of alcohol consumption so the victim is often not
screened
– If a patient has symptoms that resemble alcohol intoxication and physical
presentation that sexual assault may have occurred – treat this like a rape
Drugs commonly used for Date Rape
**GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid) Also known as G, Georgia home boy,
liquid ecstasy, salty water, scoop,
Rohypnol (flunitrazepam)a
Ketamine
Patient’s experience after a traumatic event
Acute Stress Disorder
– Intrusive symptoms – flashbacks, memories
– Negative thoughts/mood
– Dissociative symptoms – depersonalization, derealization
– Avoidance
– Arousal symptoms –hyperactive reflex response
Specialized sexual assault
services/Forensic Examinations
Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners (SANE)
– Providing patient centered care w/o judgment or violation of rights
– Culturally responsive care
– Support, age-appropriate language, keeping the patient informed
– Providing a safe and private environment (not leaving the patient alone)
– Registered Nurse – Head to toe assessment
SANE NurseCompleting a Forensic Exam
– Prevent revictimization
If you patient who has been SA’d decides she does not want pictures of her taken. What is the nurses next action?
A. insist to be taken to so enough evidence is available
B. respect the patients’ autonomy
B. respect the patients’ autonomy
Should you leave a SA victim alone as nurse?
A. yes
B.NO
B.NO
– Providing a safe and private environment (not leaving the patient alone)
What is the nurses priority for a victim of SA?
PROVIDE SAFETY AND TEND TO THEIR PHYSICAL NEEDS
MASLOWS
SANE
Who is a SANE? A Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) is a Registered Nurse who has received special training so that s/he can provide comprehensive care to sexual assault victims. In addition s/he is able to conduct a forensic exam and may provide expert testimony if a case goes to trial.
Rape-Trauma Syndrome
Sustained and maladaptive response to rape
Rape and Trauma characteristics
Shame
Guilt Helplessness Powerlessness Dependence Low self-esteem Depression
Mood swings Aggression Anger
Agitation Revenge Substance misuse Suicide attempts
Anxiety
Fear
Disturbed sleep Nightmares Sexual dysfunction Muscle tension Hyperalertness
Dissociation Disorganization Shock Confusion Phobias Paranoia
What can a SA victim feel after an event
Sexual assault is often followed by feelings of fear, degra-
dation, anger, and rage. Helplessness, anxiety, sleep distur- bances, disturbed relationships, flashbacks, depression, and somatic complaints are also common.
What is the most common date rape drug?
Psychoactive substances play a major role in sexual assault, and alcohol is the most commonly used date-rape drug.
Should nurses repeat questions during an medical evaluation for a SA victim?
A. yes
B. no
B. no
Nurses can minimize repetition of questions and support the patient as she goes through the medical and legal evaluation.
-The initial medical evaluation may be frightening and stressful. A police interview, repeated questioning by health profession- als, and the physical examination itself all have the potential to add to the trauma and revictimization of the sexual assault.