UNIT 10 Sexual Assault Chapter 29

Question 1

What is Sexual assault

Answer 1

Sexual assault and sexual violence are broad terms that encompass unwanted sexual advances , rape, harassment, sexual trafficking and much
more.

Question 2

What is Rape

Answer 2

– Completed Rape – Completed rape is defined as “penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim”
– Attempted Rape – Threats of rape or intention to rape that is unsuccessful are referred to an attempted rape.

Question 3

Date Rape

Answer 3

– Date Rape Drugs – often combined with alcohol
– Victim loses the ability to fight off the perpetrator
– Develop amnesia and become unreliable witnesses
– Symptoms mimic those of alcohol consumption so the victim is often not
screened
– If a patient has symptoms that resemble alcohol intoxication and physical
presentation that sexual assault may have occurred – treat this like a rape

Question 4

Drugs commonly used for Date Rape

Answer 4

**GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid) Also known as G, Georgia home boy,
liquid ecstasy, salty water, scoop,

Rohypnol (flunitrazepam)a

Ketamine

Question 5

Patient’s experience after a traumatic event

Answer 5

Acute Stress Disorder
– Intrusive symptoms – flashbacks, memories
– Negative thoughts/mood
– Dissociative symptoms – depersonalization, derealization
– Avoidance
– Arousal symptoms –hyperactive reflex response

Question 6

Specialized sexual assault
services/Forensic Examinations

Answer 6

Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners (SANE)
– Providing patient centered care w/o judgment or violation of rights
– Culturally responsive care

– Support, age-appropriate language, keeping the patient informed
– Providing a safe and private environment (not leaving the patient alone)
– Registered Nurse – Head to toe assessment

SANE NurseCompleting a Forensic Exam
– Prevent revictimization

Question 7

If you patient who has been SA’d decides she does not want pictures of her taken. What is the nurses next action?

A. insist to be taken to so enough evidence is available
B. respect the patients’ autonomy

Answer 7

B. respect the patients’ autonomy

Question 8

Should you leave a SA victim alone as nurse?

A. yes
B.NO

Answer 8

B.NO

– Providing a safe and private environment (not leaving the patient alone)

Question 9

What is the nurses priority for a victim of SA?

Answer 9

PROVIDE SAFETY AND TEND TO THEIR PHYSICAL NEEDS

MASLOWS

Question 10

SANE

Answer 10

Who is a SANE? A Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) is a Registered Nurse who has received special training so that s/he can provide comprehensive care to sexual assault victims. In addition s/he is able to conduct a forensic exam and may provide expert testimony if a case goes to trial.

Question 11

Rape-Trauma Syndrome

Answer 11

Sustained and maladaptive response to rape

Question 12

Rape and Trauma characteristics

Answer 12

Shame
Guilt Helplessness Powerlessness Dependence Low self-esteem Depression
Mood swings Aggression Anger
Agitation Revenge Substance misuse Suicide attempts
Anxiety
Fear
Disturbed sleep Nightmares Sexual dysfunction Muscle tension Hyperalertness
Dissociation Disorganization Shock Confusion Phobias Paranoia

Question 13

What can a SA victim feel after an event

Answer 13

Sexual assault is often followed by feelings of fear, degra-
dation, anger, and rage. Helplessness, anxiety, sleep distur- bances, disturbed relationships, flashbacks, depression, and somatic complaints are also common.

Question 14

What is the most common date rape drug?

Answer 14

Psychoactive substances play a major role in sexual assault, and alcohol is the most commonly used date-rape drug.

Question 15

Should nurses repeat questions during an medical evaluation for a SA victim?

A. yes
B. no

Answer 15

B. no

Nurses can minimize repetition of questions and support the patient as she goes through the medical and legal evaluation.

-The initial medical evaluation may be frightening and stressful. A police interview, repeated questioning by health profession- als, and the physical examination itself all have the potential to add to the trauma and revictimization of the sexual assault.

Question 16

Do SA victims benefit from Group therapy and treatment?

A. No
B.Yes

Answer 16

B.Yes

Rape victims benefit from group therapy or support groups. Group therapy can make the difference between a person’s com- ing out of the crisis at a lower level of functioning or gradually adapting to the experience with an increase in coping skills. Support groups are available locally or online.

Question 17

Long term therapy

Answer 17

Survivors require long-term healthcare that can include counseling to minimize long-term effects of the rape and assisting in a return to a normal living pattern.

Question 18

Perpetrators for Sa

Answer 18

Psychotherapy is essential for perpetrators of sexual assault if behavioral change is to occur. Unfortunately, most perpetrators do not acknowledge the need for behavioral change, and no single method or program of treatment has been found to be totally effective. The nurse’s awareness of personal feelings and reactions will be crucial to avoid interference with the therapeu- tic process.

Question 19

Signs the Sexual assault survivor is in Recovery:

Answer 19

Signs the Sexual assault survivor is in Recovery:
– Sleeping well with few instances of episodic nightmare or
broken sleep
– Eating as if they did before the rape
– Calm and relaxed or only mildly suspicious, fearful or restless
– Getting support from family and friends
– Generally positive self-regard about themselves
– The absence or only mild instances of somatic reactions
– Returning to pre-rape sexual functioning and interest

Question 20

Considering the guilt that women feel after being sexually
assaulted, which nursing assessment question has priority? a. “Do you want the police to be called?”
b. “Did you recognize the person who assaulted you?”
c. “Do you have someone you trust that can stay with you?”
d. “Do you have any thoughts about harming yourself?”

Answer 20

d. “Do you have any thoughts about harming yourself?”

Question 21

Which statement is an accurate depiction of sexual assault?
a. Rape is a sexual act.
b. Most rapes occur in the home.
c. Rape is usually an impulsive act.
d. Women are usually raped by strangers.

Answer 21

b. Most rapes occur in the home.

Question 22

Which signs and symptoms are associated with rape-
trauma and rape-trauma response? Select all that apply.
a. Outbursts of anger
b. Major depressive disorder
c. Auditory hallucinations
d. Flashbacks
e. Amnesia for the event

Answer 22

a.b.d.e

Question 23

The stress of being raped often results in suffering similar to
people who have witnessed a murder or had a physiological reaction to trauma, resulting in which of the following?
a. Posttraumatic stress disorder
b. Anxiety
c. Depression
d. All of the above

Answer 23

d. All of the above

Question 24

A young woman named Carly was raped after closing
shift behind the restaurant where she works. Six months have passed and Carly has not been able to return to work, refuses to go out to eat, and feels that she has less value as a woman now that she has been raped. Carly’s clinical pre- sentation suggests:
a. Reexperiencing
b. Hyperalertness
c. Avoidance
d. Physical effects

Answer 24

c. Avoidance

Question 25

Perpetrators of sexual assault are often incarcerated but frequently do not undergo therapy. Samuel, convicted of rape and sentenced to 15 years in prison, has asked to see a therapist. The psychiatric nurse practitioner is surprised to learn of the request, as many perpetrators
a. Boast of their assault history.
b. Feel regret and remorse.
c. Do not acknowledge the need for change.
d. Are unable to recognize rape as a crime.

Answer 25

c. Do not acknowledge the need for change.

Question 26

You are working at a telephone hotline center when Abby, a rape victim, calls. Abby states she is afraid to go to the hospital. What is your best response?
a. “I’m here to listen, and we can talk about your feelings.”
b. “You don’t need to go to the hospital if you don’t want
to.”
c. “If you don’t go to the hospital, we can’t collect evidence
to help convict your rapist.”
d. “Why are you afraid to seek medical attention?”

Answer 26

a. “I’m here to listen, and we can talk about your feelings.”