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Health Science 20 > Unit 3 - Anatomy - Digestive And Excretory System > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Anatomy - Digestive And Excretory System Flashcards

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1
Q

How long does it take for food to pass through the excretory system?

A

About 24 hours

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2
Q

What enzyme is in saliva?

A

Amylase - digests sugars

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3
Q

What do sphincters do?

A

Separate organs, keep food moving in one direction (contract to move food)

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4
Q

What is digestion?

A

The process of breaking complex molecules into simpler molecules that can be used by the body

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5
Q

What does the stomach do to digest?

A

contracts, mixes food with acids and enzymes

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6
Q

What kind of movements are in the esophagus?

A

Peristaltic (involuntary)

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7
Q

What does the liver produce?

A

bile (digests fat)

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8
Q

What does the pancreas do?

A

Makes enzymes, breaks down sugar, fat, and protein

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9
Q

What is the duodenum? Where is it?

A

First part of sm. intestine, finishes digesting sugar and protein

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10
Q

What does the small intestine do?

A

Starts digesting fat, finishes digesting protein and sugar. Also absorbs nutrients.

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11
Q

What are the parts of the small intestine? What does each do?

A 
Duodenum (sugar, minerals), 
Jejunum (glucose, vitamins, water),
and Illeum (fat-soluble vitamins, water)
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12
Q

What does the gallbladder do?

A

Stores bile

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13
Q

What are the three parts of the large intestine? What does each do?

A

Colon (absorbs water - sent to kidneys),
Rectum (stores feces),
and Anus (elimination)

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14
Q

How is waste excreted? (3 ways)

A

exhalation
urination
perspiration

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15
Q

What are some examples of things that are eliminated through the excretory system?

A 
CO2
urea
water
salts
minerals
vitamins
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16
Q

What makes up the excretory system? (6 organs)

A 
Lungs
Skin
KIDNEYS
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
17
Q

What unit filters blood in the kidneys?

A

nephrons

18
Q

How quickly is blood filtered through the kidneys?

A

about 1.5 liters (25% of blood) per minute

19
Q

How do kidneys maintain homeostasis? (3 ways)

A

removes waste
balances electrolytes, pH, fluids, etc.
releases hormones (protects bones, make red blood cells, regulate blood pressure)

20
Q

What is urine made of?

A

Water,
Urea,
and excess salts

21
Q

What are the filters in the nephrons called?

A

Glomeruli

22
Q

How does alcohol impact the kidneys?

A

it is a diuretic, so more liquid is excreted than reabsorbed, resulting in dehydration

Health Science 20 (6 decks)

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