Unit 3 - Anatomy - Circulatory System Flashcards
What re the three functions of the circulatory system?
- Regulates body temperature
- Manages waste
- Transports substances around the body
What substances are moved around the body?
- O2 (from lungs)
- CO2 (to lungs)
- Nutrients
- Hormones
- Immune response chemicals
What is diffusion?
Something becoming more spread out (ie. gases)
What are the types of blood vessels?
- Arteries (away from heart, pressure-based)
- Veins (to heart)
- Capillaries (easy to diffuse, near lungs)
What are the different chambers of the heart?
- Left / right atria
- Left / right ventricles
What are the four valves? Where are they?
- Pulmonary valve, near pulmonary vein
- Tricuspid valve, between right atria and ventricle
- Mitral (bicuspid) valve, between left atria and ventricle
- Aortic valve, goes into aorta
What is the heart made of, what is it lined with?
Cardiac muscle cells
Epithelium
What are the two types of circulation?
- Pulmonary, heart to lungs
- Systemic, heart and body
What is the pulmonary pathway?
- Right atrium
- Through tricuspid into right ventricle
- Into pulmonary arteries to the lungs
What is the systemic pathway?
- Through pulmonary veins into left atrium
- Through mitral valve into left ventricle
- Through aorta to the body
How many contractions are there per beat? What causes this?
2
Electrical impulses
What does the SA node do? Where is it?
Makes the atrea contract
Above the RIGHT atrium
What does the AV node do? Where is it?
Makes the ventricles contract
Below the RIGHT atrium
What are the parts of blood pressure? What is each part?
systolic / diastolic
Left ventricle contraction / Left ventricle relaxation
