unit 3 + 4

Question 1

exotoxin

Answer 1

proteins produced by pathogenic bacteria (gram + and -) and secreted

Question 2

endotoxin

Answer 2

Lipid A portions of LPS are part of the outer membrane of hte cell wall of gram negative bacteria
* liberated when the bacteria die and the cell wall breaks apart

Question 3

AB toxins

Answer 3

B subunit binds host cell receptor and transfers subunit A across the cell membrane
* usually inhbits protein synthesis or disrupts ion homeostasis

Question 4

superantigen toxins

Answer 4

over activate the immune system by activating non specifically CD4+ cells which leads to an excessive cytokine relase and excessive inflammatory reponse

Question 5

antigenic drift

Answer 5

minor changes caused by genetic mutations
* results from RNA replication errors

Question 6

antigenic shift

Answer 6

major changes caused by genetic reassortment
* occurs with influenza A only