Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N5 Biology > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What factors may increase or decrease biodiversity?

A

Human activities
Biotic factor
Abiotic factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Biodiversity is the total variation that exists amoung all living things on earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the Biotic Factors?

A 
Living factors including:
Competition
Disease
Predation
Grazing
Good availability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are Abiotic factors?

A 
Non-living factors including:
Temperature
pH
Light intensity
Moisture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is predation?

A

Predation is the feeding of one organism on another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a niche?

A

A niche is a role that an organism plays in a community. It includes:
Use of resources
Interaction with other organisms (competition)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

An ecosystem consists of all living organisms in a particular area and the non-living components with which the organisms interact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe what is meant by ‘population’

A

The number of one type of living organisms in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe what is meant by a ‘community’

A

The number of different types of living organisms in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is meant by the term ‘species’

A

A species is a group of organisms which can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is at the beginning of a food chain and why?

A

Producers because they can make their own food (self-dependant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do plants compete for?

A

Soil nutrients
Sunlight
Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do animals compete for?

A 
Water
Shelter
Mates
Territories
Food
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the deference between inter-specific and intra-specific?

A

inter specific competition is competition between all living organisms as they require similar resources

Intra specific competition is competition between specific living organisms as they require the same resources therefore making it more intense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a mutation?

A

A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA of an organism that occurs randomly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is this chromosome XX

A

Female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is this chromosome XY

A

Male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does variation occur?

A

Overtime advantageous mutations result in variation within a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do the arrows represent on a food chain?

A

The flow of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How much energy is lost in ecosystems and why?

A

90% of energy is lost as heat, movement or undigested material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why is nitrogen requires in the nitrogen cycle?

A

Nitrogen (N2) is required to make protines

21
Q

What is nitrification?

A

Ammonium compounds are converted into nitrites and then nitrates

22
Q

What is denitrification?

A

Bacteria breaks down nitrates in the solid and releases nitrogen into the air

23
Q

What is nitrogen fixation?

A

Soil bacteria absorb nitrogen from the air and ‘fix’ it onto ammonium compounds and then into nitrites

24
Q

Why is lightening important in the nitrogen cycle?

A

Lightening converts nitrogen in the air to nitrites. This then dissolves into the rain which falls to the ground and is absorbed by the soil

25
Q

What are types of mutations?

A

Neutral
Advantage
Disadvantage

26
Q

Give 3 examples of disadvantageous mutations

A

Cystic Fibrosis
Sickle cell Anaemia
Down syndrome (extra chromosome)

27
Q

Why is variation important?

A

To allow a population to evolve over time in response to changing environmental conditions

28
Q

Give three examples of mutagenic agents

A

X-rays
Mustard Gas
UV light

29
Q

What are the 3 types of adaptations?

A

Behavioural
Physiological
Anatomical

30
Q

What is speciation?

A

The appearance of a new species

31
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Nature produces more offspring than the environment can support. Nature selects those organisms which are best suited to their environment and ‘weeds out those who are not. This is sometimes called survival of the fittest

32
Q

What do pyramids of numbers represent?

A

The number of organisms at each stage in the food chain

33
Q

What do pyramids of energy represent?

A

The quantity of energy at each stage in the food chain

34
Q

What so pyramids of biomass represent?

A

The total mass of living material at each stage in the food chain

35
Q

Why do plants need fertilisers?

A

To provide nutrients which the plant needs to be able to grow properly

36
Q

How can nitrogen be replaced when harvesting crops?

A

Nitrite fertilisers
Manure
Composts

37
Q

What are indicator species?

A

Species that indicate levels of pollution by their presence or absence

38
Q

What are the three types of pest control?

A

Biological- ladybugs
Chemical- pesticides
Physical- soapy water

39
Q

What are pesticides?

A

Pesticide is a broad term covering a range of products that are used to control pests

40
Q

Give three examples of pesticides

A

Slug pellets
Insecticides
Herbicides

41
Q

Give the advantages of using pesticides

A

Advantages- protects crops from disease
Protects from contamination when stored
Safeguards human health as it prevents the contamination of fungi

42
Q

Give the disadvantages of using pesticides

A

Harms people, wildlife and the environment

43
Q

What are GM crops?

A

Genetically modified crops are crops which have specific genes inserted into them which give them desirable characteristics

44
Q

Name three methods of sampling

A

Pitfall traps
Quadrats
Tree beating

45
Q

How to you measure moisture?

A

A moisture meter

46
Q

How do you measure light intensity?

A

Use a light meter

47
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Nature produces more offspring than the environment can support. Nature select those organisms that are best suited to their environment and weeds out those that are not. This is sometimes referred to as survival of the fittest.

48
Q

What is speciation?

A

Speciation is the appearance of new species. A new species is the end product of evolution

49
Q

Describe the role of nitrogen fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle

A

To convert nitrogen to nitrate

N5 Biology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions