Unit 3 (1450 - 1750) Flashcards
Qing Dynasty
- Final Dynasty in the Chinese Empire
Manchus
Group that defeated the Ming Dynasty and established the Qing dynasty
Mughal Empire
Islamic empire that ruled most of South Asia during the Gunpowder Era
- had religious tolerance and therefore became prosperoud
- established to rise against Delhi Sultanate
Ottoman Empire
Large islamic empire that rose to power after the fall of Byzantine empire
Safavids
Turkic ruled Islamic Empire
Songhai
Ruled by Askia the Great…economic prosperity through the sahara (empire was significantly expanded through Sunni Ali and Askia)
Devshirme
Ottoman Empire practice where young Christian boys became slaves of the Sultan
- Received high education and nice conditions
Janissary
Ottoman system that forced Christian boys to serve in the military
Samurai
Served the rulers in Tokugawa Japan but had to prove their loyalty, later became bureaucrats
Divine Right
Belief that emerged in Europe that god stays out of daily life but rather has a predetermining factor (fate)
- the idea that European monarchs were gods representation on Earth
Absolute Monarchy
Ruling in Europe where the leader had total power over the people
Versailles
Constructed by Luis XIV to celebrate his wealth and reign as well as to subdue his nobles
Zamindars
In the Mughal Empire, aristocrats that had huge plots of land and power over their peasants
- Once India was colonized by Britain, they became tax collectors
Taj Mahal
Tomb built by Mughal Shah (Shah Jahan) to honor his late wife
- a blend of Muslim and Hindu architecture and art
Tax Farming
Used by the Ottomans, the government used tax collectors who were bound by contract
Protestant Reformation
Religious that swept across Europe in the 1500s that divided Catholicism into different strands
95 Thesis
Written by Martin Luther, fueled Church reform
- Limited the power of the Pope
Martin Luther
German Monk who wrote the 95 thesis
- wanted Church reform
Beliefs:
- Bible = sole authority
- Diminished power of the priests
- Translate Bible TO GERMAN
Counter/Catholic Reformation
After the protestant reformation, Catholic Church limited the protestants by reforming Catholicism and prosecution
Jesuits
Society of Jesus… started to limit the spread of Protestants (1491 - 1556)
Indulgence
The idea of buying your way into heaven, originated in Germany
- added to the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church
Simony
Buying and selling of Church offices
Inquisition
A Roman Catholic tribune of prosecution of heresy
Thirty Years War
Religious War between Roman catholics and German protestants
- Broke Holy Roman Empire and allowed germans to decide their own religion
John Calvin
Religious reformer who believed in societal morality and predestination (fate)
Sikhism
Combined Hinduism and Islam to form a monotheistic religion in Northern India
- changed the gender heirarchy of Islam as well as the Hindu Caste system
Shogunate
Leader in Tokugawa Japan
Daimyo
Lord of the Shogun who worked and collected taxes from peasants and farmers
Jizya
Tax in the Ottoman empire to practice own religion and lifestyle
Millet System
Ottoman system where people could not practice their own culture if it was not Islamic, or they had to pay a tax to live their life
Gunpowder Empire
Safavid, Mughal and Ottoman
