Unit 2.2

Question 1

Delegation (structures)

Answer 1

The process of entrusting and empowering a subordinate to successfully complete a task, project or job role.

Question 2

Span of control (structures)

Answer 2

Describes the number of subordinates who are directly accountable to a manager.

Question 3

Levels of hierarchy (structures)

Answer 3

Refers to the management structure of an organization based on the number of layers of formal authority

Question 4

Chain of command (structures)

Answer 4

the formal line of authority through which orders and decisions are passed down from senior management at the top to operational workers

Question 5

Bureaucracy (structures)

Answer 5

Refers to the administrative systems of a business, such as the set of rules and procedures and formal hierarchical structures in an organization.

Question 6

Centralization (structures)

Answer 6

refers to organizational structures where the majority of decision making is in the hands of a very small number of people

Question 7

Decentralization (structures)

Answer 7

refers to organizational structures which include the delegation of decision-making authority throughout an organization

Question 8

Delayering (structures)

Answer 8

is a reduction in the levels of hierarchy within an organizational structure

Question 9

Flat/Horizontal (Chart)

Answer 9

A flat organisational structure will have few levels of hierarchy but will tend to have wider spans of control. This will encourage managers to delegate more as they cannot effectively control the work of a large number of employees.

Question 10

Tall/Vertical

Answer 10

There are many layers in a tall (or vertical) hierarchical organizational
structure . Roles, responsibilities
and departments tend to be highly specialized.
Generally, taller hierarchical structures are characterized by a narrow span of control, with each manager being responsible for fewer subordinates.

Question 11

Organization by Function

Answer 11

It is the most common form of organizational structure. Managers of different functional areas report to the respective director or vice president who holds overall responsibility for the department or division.

Question 12

Organization by Product

Answer 12

Suitable for large businesses that have a broad product line of goods or services as this requires specialized expertise in marketing and operations. Each product group has its own internal structure related specifically to that particular product line.

Question 13

Project Based (Matrix structure)

Answer 13

Aims to eliminate many of the
problems associated with the hierarchical structure. This type of structure cuts across the departmental lines of a hierarchical chart and creates project teams made up of people from all departments or divisions. Primarily found in the IT and high-tech sectors