2.4-Motivation & Demotivation: Essential Chapter Flashcards
Motivation Theories
- Taylor
- Maslow
- Hertzberg
Motivation
exists when people do something because they want to do it, not because they have to do it.
Intrinsic Motivation
Doing something because you wish to do so based on your own personal goals, desire to succeed, and to better one’s self.
Extrinsic Motivation
Doing something because of an external factors such as a reward, or to avoid the risk of punishment.
what is the most motivating factors
- interesting job
- job security
- achievement
- financial rewards
What are some ways you might describe a workforce that is highly motivated?
- accomplishing things on their own
- Cost - Centers
Demotivation
- less work done, lower efficiency
- more work for leaders
- less successful
- therefore, more money spent for workers to be motivated rather than demotivated
Taylor theory
- Employees are primarily motivated by money and productivity could be improved by setting output and efficiency goals and connecting them with pay.
- Division of Labor, managers decide how each task should be completed, and make employees do only their tasks (Different roles)
- Differentiated piecework, making something that is the required number, if made more, then you will be paid more
4 Essential Elements of Taylor’s Theory
- Study the work process to determine the most efficient production method.
- Observe and time the best workers in these methods.
- Train the remaining workers to the same standard.
- Implement differential pay rates and close supervision to increase productivity.
Drawbacks to Taylor’s Theory
- looks at people as if they are robots
- Working harder due to scientific management practices can still mean staff are dissatisfied with the work environment.
- pressure workers to finish their tasks in time, might reduce the quality of products if rushed
Maslow’s Theory (important & useful theory)
5 is the most important
1 is the least
- Self-actualization (desire to become the most that one can be)
- Esteem (respect, strength)
- Love & Belonging
- Safety Needs
- Physiological needs
(Maslow’s Theory) How then do businesses fulfill Physiological (Basic) needs?
paying enough money
(Maslow’s Theory) How do businesses fulfill Safety needs?
precautions, water, AC
(Maslow’s Theory) How do businesses fulfill Social needs?
perks, staff- dinners, coffee
Professor Frederick Herzberg Theory
- Two factor theory
- focuses on Hygiene Needs and Motivator Needs
Motivator Needs
- Are factors that lead to the psychological growth of workers and therefore increase satisfaction and performance/productivity.
- Achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement are all Motivator Needs.
- Movement vs. Motivation: if Motivator needs are met, people will Move (work) not because they need to but because they want to and are Motivated to do so.
- Motivator needs are unique to individuals, so good managers and leaders need to have a good understanding of their workforce.
Hygiene Needs
- Meeting the most basic needs of your workers
- Do not motivate but must be met to prevent dissatisfaction
- They must not fall below the level considered to be acceptable by the workforce
- They vary on the job being performed and working culture of the company or country. Example- You expect to face poor weather conditions if you’re a fisherman, not so much if you bake cakes.
Or, Japanese workers are more likely to work overtime than someone from France, as another example.
How can businesses help with the Esteem of their workers?
- bonuses, money