unit 2 WORLD WAR 2 (1939-1945) Flashcards
reasons for ww2
the depression
treaty of Versailles lead to more poverty
appeasement (giving land away to avoid war)
1939 Germany didn’t leave Poland after Britain and France ordered them out
who was involved in ww2
axis
germany italy japan
allies
britain canada france russia
isolationists
people who were uninterested in affairs outside of their borders
beliefs of one’s country should be separated from politics and disputes of other countries
caused many countries to not want to participate in ww2
canada joined one week later
how did canada get involved with ww2
the canadian government had a parliamentary vote
canada’s involvement with ww2
british commonwealth air training plan set up air schools to train pilots for the british royal air force
canada turned into the airstrip and arsenal factory
total war
by CD Howes
the entire nation will use their resources to destroy the opposing force
the canadian government will control the economy to focus it on the war effort
department of munitions and supplies was formed
how did farmers and industries assist total war?
farmers produced more products
ships, planes, tanks, artillery was all industries built
crown corporations
businesses and industries owned by the canadian government
under total war they were created to do jobs the private sectors were unable to do
the evacuation of dunkirk france
1940
germans surrounded and in the air, the luftwaffe bombed the dunkirk port
british and french were evacuated via water to fight another day
few weeks later france surrendered to germany
battle of britian
1940 (summer)
battle of the skies over britian
british royal air force (RAF) vs the Luftwaffe
canadians served as pilots
hitler used air attacks to prepare for land and sea attacks
blitz-bombing of british civilians/factories
pearl harbour and the battle of Hong Kong
japanese bombed pearl harbour
hours later they invaded Hong Kong
on christmas hong kong belonged to the germans
canadians were sent to help hong kong but 2000 were killed or captured due to no supplies after 17 days
harshest POW treatment by the japanese in history
internment camps in canada for the japanese
japanese canadians were forced to choose relocation or deportation
they were thought of as spies
they had no rights, had id numbers
made possible by the war measures act
custodians of aliens act
1943
japanses canadians’ possessions were takedn and sold without permission
money raised to pay for the internment camps
dieppe (trial run for d day)
1942
testing new equipment
5000 canadian soldiers landed on the beach of france
but were all killed due to the warning of a german convoy vs a british ship
lessoned learnt:
heavy air and sea support
saved many soldiers on Dday
invasion of italy and sicily
1943
captured sicily in two weeks with air and land attacks
italy:
- 1 month of street by street fighting and the germans withdrew
- occupied many troops of the germans leaving france defenseless
- toughest fight of the war
d day
operation overlord
normandy invasion
1944
biggesy/most detailed and planned invasion of the allies
5 landing points
sword, juno, gold, omaha, and utah
canadians took juno
had to go over concrete obstacles of the germans
liberation of the netherlands
1945
allied forces attacked germany
canadians liberated the netherlands by forcing natzis out of holland which allowed the allied to attack germnay
beat the germans in the city of groningen by surrounding them with many troops
we were thought of as heros after street to street fighting and dropping supplies to the people of normandy because the germans were starving the country
battle of the alantic
britian needed imported supplies from canada
german uboats sunk merchant ships
british sailed in convoys (groups)
corvettes were built by canada to escort convoys
ww2 the home front
total war:
- women took men’s old jobs
- victory bonds
- income tax
- propaganda
- war measures act
- camp x (spy training in ontario)
- rations
canada became a ……. after ww2
a modern industrialized nation
st louis incident
caused a stain in history
we turned away a boat of jewish refugees and sent them back to their death
-even one is too much
due to lack of jobs and food for canadians in the first place
ww2 conscription
1940
MP king implemented the national resource mobilization act
-all men must assist in the war effort if not fighting
define plebiscite
vote
ww2 women
- took men’s jobs royal canadian air force (RCAF) had a women’s division
- WREN: women’s royal canadian navy service
- cooks, polits, mechanics, welders, nurses
- coastal defence
- women entering the work force dramatically
