Unit 2 Topic 2 Flashcards
What is ATP the link between in biological systems?
reactions that release energy (catabolic) and reactions that require energy (anabolic)
Fill in the blank:
ATP is sometimes known as the _______ ___________ of the cell
energy currency
Why is ATP sometimes known as the energy currency of the cell?
it is spent during cellular work such as muscular contraction or the formation of proteins, and is ‘banked’ or stored when glucose is broken down during cellular respiration
What is released when an energy rich substance, such as glucose, is broken down in a living cell?
energy which is used to produce ATP
What can ATP rapidly be broken down into?
ADP + Pi (phosphate)
What processes might need energy?
muscular contraction and synthesis of proteins etc
What two things make up ATP?
ADP + Pi (phosphate)
Does the rate of production of ATP vary or is it constant and why?
the rate of production of ATP varies to meet the demands of the cell
What does a phosphorylation reaction involve?
a phosphate group being added to a substrate
What type of reaction is the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi?
phosphorylation
What are the three sets of reactions in cellular respiration?
- glycolysis
- the citric acid cycle
- the electron transport chain
Where does glycolysis take place?
glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell
Does glycolysis require oxygen?
no
What is glycolysis?
the breakdown, in a series of enzyme-catalysed reactions, of a sugar glucose into two molecules called pyruvate
What is needed to start the process?
energy from two ATP molecules is needed
