Unit 2 Study Guide Flashcards
What is the continuous theory of matter
It says that matter can always be divided into smaller matter
What is the discontinuous theory of matter
Matter is made up of elements and it cannot always be divided
What are the 2 laws that Dalton used to develop his theory’s
The law of definite properties
The law of mass conservation
What are Daltons assumptions
- Elements are composed of atoms
- All atoms of the same element have the same properties
- Atoms of different elements have different properties
- Compounds are formed when atoms are joined together and atoms have to join in whole number ratios
Put the following is size order atoms, compounds, molecules, and elements
Element, atom, molecule, compound
What are the characteristics of metals
They conduct electricity and have luster
What are the characteristics of nonmetals
The do not conduct electricity and they are brittle
How can you determine if a element is a metal or nonmetal using the periodic table
If it is to the left of the jagged line, with the exception of hydrogen, then it is a metal
How can you experimentally tell weather a compound is ionic or covalent
If it conducts electricity why it is dissolved in water that it is ionic, if not than it is covalent
How can you tell using the period table whether a compound is ionic or covalent
If the compound contains some metals and some nonmetals then it is ionic, if it contains all nonmetals then it is covalent.
What law says that the same elements in different proportions can make more than one compound
The law of multiple proportions
Why do chemists use 2 different naming systems for compound
To tell whether the compound is ionic or covalent
If a substance can be physically separated into its components, is it a pure substance or a mixture
A mixture
If a substance can be given a chemical name, such as calcium bromide, is it a pure substance or a mixture
A pure substance
What element makes up the majority of the air
Nitrogen
What is a qualitative measurement
A measurement that can be an estimate
What is a quantitative measurement
A measurement that needs to be precise
What is a change that breaks a molecule apart called
A chemical reaction
What is wrong with this formula for sodium chloride NACL
The second letter in booth elements is capitalized
What are the elements that lie along the jagged line called
Semi metals
What is a dimensionless quantity
A quantity with no units
Why doesn’t distilled water conduct electricity
Because it dose not have any charged particles
When using significant figures what do you go to when adding
The same decimal place as the lowest decimal place
When using significant figures what do you go to when multiplying
The same number of significant figures
Do you add prefixes for elements when the compound is ionic
No
Do you add prefixes for elements when the compound is covalent
Yes
Homogenous mixture
A mixture with the same consistency all the way through
Heterogeneous mixture
A mixture that is not consistent all the way through
