UNIT 2 STAINING PROCEDURES Flashcards
More sensitive as compared to
routine stains
FLUORESCENT DYES
Cell Wall
Dyar Stain
Stains/visualizes the form and shape of the bacterial cell
SIMPLE STAINING
stains for specific parts of a bacterial cell
SPECIAL STAINING
Bacteria appear as light-colored bodies against a dark background
INDIRECT/ RELIEF STAINING/ NEGATIVE STAINING
acidic DYES bind to
(+) charged
molecules
Flagella
Gray Stain
Leifson Stain
A fluorochrome dye that stains both gram-positive and
gram-negative bacteria, living or dead.
Acridine orange
CLASSES OF DYES
Ex. methylene blue, basic fuchsin, crystal violet, safranin, malachite green
BASIC DYES
CLASSES OF DYES
Ex. eosin, rose bengal, acid fuchsin
ACID DYES
DIFFERENTIAL STAIN examples
- GRAM STAINING
- ACID-FAST STAINING
“Halo” appearanc
INDIRECT/ RELIEF STAINING/ NEGATIVE STAINING
INDIRECT/ RELIEF STAINING/ NEGATIVE STAINING example
ndia ink
FLUORESCENT STAINING use:
- acridine orange,
- rhodamine-auramine (Truant Method for M. tuberculosis)
- Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), calcofluor white
SIMPLE STAINING examples
- methylene blue
- basic fuchsin
- crystal violet
- safranin
- malachite green
CLASSES OF DYES
- basic
- acidic
DNA
Feulgen Stain
acidic dye charge group
Anionic (-)
Spirochetes
Levaditi’s Stain
1 stain is used
SIMPLE STAINING
fluorochrome that binds to chitin in fungal cell walls
Calcofluor White
Primarily to demonstrate the capsule
INDIRECT/ RELIEF STAINING/ NEGATIVE STAINING
ACID-FAST STAINING stains
○ Primary stain: carbolfuchsin
○ Secondary stain: methylene blue or malachite green
Basic dye charge group
Cationic (+)
