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Batce lec > UNIT 2 Cell Wall > Flashcards

UNIT 2 Cell Wall Flashcards

1
Q

BACTERIAL CELL is 30% what?

A

= Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Enzymes

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2
Q

anchored/attached to
the peptidoglycan
(cell wall) of gram +

A

TEICHOIC ACID or
RIBITOL/GLYCEROL
PHOSPHATE

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3
Q

It acts as a barrier to hydrophobic compounds and
harmful substances

A

OUTER MEMBRANE/ LAYER

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4
Q

Provide rigidity and strength to the exterior of the cell

A

CELL WALL

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5
Q

cell wall is linked by?

A

pentapeptides

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6
Q

GRAM NEGATIVE outer layer is composed of?

A

○ Proteins,
○ Phospholipids
○ Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

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7
Q

Helpful in serotyping of organisms

A

O-ANTIGEN

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8
Q

anchored/attached to the
plasma membrane of gram +

A

LIPOTEICHOIC ACID or
GLYCEROL TEICHOIC ACID)

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9
Q

Consisting of alternating disaccharides:

A
  • NAG (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine)
  • NAM (N-acetyl-D-muramic acid)
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10
Q

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is composed of?

A

■ O-antigen
■ Core polysaccharide
■ Lipid A (Endotoxin)

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11
Q

CELL WALL is responsible for what

A
  • PATHOGENECITY
  • ANTIGENIC CHARACTERISTIC
  • STAINING CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CELL
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12
Q

how many basal rings in GRAM -

A

4 basal rings

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13
Q

Seen in various shapes microscopically (pleomorphic)

A

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

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14
Q

Portion of LPS that is immunogenic

A

O-ANTIGEN

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15
Q

prevents digestion

A

mycolic acid

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16
Q

entry points of substances from the outside to the
inside of the bacteria; passageway of nutrients or antibiotics

A

Porins

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17
Q

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Contains _______ in their cell membranes

A

sterol

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18
Q

MAIN CONSTITUTENT of cell wall

A

PEPTIDOGLYCAN OR MUREIN

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19
Q

HEat stable parts of LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE (LPS)

A
  • O-ANTIGEN
  • LIPID A
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20
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

NO PERIPLASM

A

GRAM POSITIVE

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21
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

PRESENCE OF MUREIN LIPOPROTEIN

A

GRAM-NEGATIVE

22
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

PRESENCE OF S-LAYER

A

GRAM POSITIVE

23
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

PRESENCE OF TEICHOIC (RIBITOL/GLYCEROL PHOPHATE) AND LIPOTEICHOIC ACID (GLYCEROL TEICHOIC ACID)

A

GRAM POSITIVE

24
Q

It acts as a sieve, allowing water soluble molecules to
enter through protein-lipid channels called porins

A

OUTER MEMBRANE/ LAYER

25
Q

ACID FAST CELL WALL is seen in:

A

Mycobacterium & Nocardia

26
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

THICK PROTECTIVE MUREIN LAYER

A

GRAM POSITIVE

27
Q

These organisms have no LPS but instead have Lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS)

A
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  • Bordetella pertussis
28
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

THINNER MUREIN LAYER (INNER PEPTIDOGLYCAN LAYER)

A

GRAM-NEGATIVE

29
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

Presence of phospholipids similar in the cell membrane

A

GRAM-NEGATIVE

30
Q

Presence of Principal Proteins or Major Outer Membrane Proteins in gram - such as:

A
  • PORIN PROTEINS
  • TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEINS
  • PERIPHERAL PROTEINS
31
Q

BACTERIAL CELL is how many percent water

A

70%

32
Q

ORGANISMS THAT LACK CELL WALL:

A
  • Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
  • L-forms
33
Q

Serves as the target of

A

antimicrobial agents

34
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

ANTIGENIC POLYSACCHARIDE

A

GRAM POSITIVE

35
Q

The whole bacterial cell is divided into

A

cell envelope and
cytoplasmic structures

36
Q

CELL ENVELOPE STRUCTURES consist of?

A
  • Outer membrane (gram-negative only)
  • Cell wall (murein layer)
  • Periplasm (distinct in gram-negative)
  • Cell membrane
37
Q

are WEAKLY GRAM POSITIVE

A

ACID FAST CELL WALL

38
Q

why are Acid fast cells difficult to stain?

A

HYDROPHOBIC

39
Q

Can grow in media supplemented with serum or sugar to
prevent osmotic rupture of the cell membrane

A

L-form

40
Q

SERVES AS A POINT OF ANCHORAGE OF

A

FLAGELLA

41
Q

how many basal rings in GRAM +

A

2 basal rings

42
Q

Space between inner and outer membrane which contains
gel-like nutrient binding proteins and enzymes

A

PERIPLASMIC SPACE or PERIPLASM

43
Q

PREVENTS PHAGOCYTOSIS

A

M Protein

44
Q

contains lipid A and oligosaccharide core but no O antigens

A

Lipo-oligosaccharides LOS

45
Q

ACID FAST CELL WALL Possess a waxy lipid-rich layer of _________ bound to the cell wall

A

mycolic acid (glycolipids
and fatty acids)

46
Q

The cell membrane of AF organisms are similar to other
bacteria except that they possess

A
  • Phosphatidyl Inositol Mannosides (PIM)
  • Lipoarabinomannan
47
Q

Gram - vs Gram +

PERIPLASMIC SPACE

A

GRAM-NEGATIVE

48
Q

3 types of cell wall

A

GRAM (+), GRAM (-) and ACID FAST

49
Q

gram-positive and gram-negative cells that lose their cell walls

A

L-form

50
Q

It provides attachment sites that enhance attachment to
host cells

A

OUTER MEMBRANE/ LAYER

Batce lec (13 decks)

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