UNIT 2 REVIEW

Question 1

Question: What are the 8 characteristics of life?

Answer 1

Answer: respiration, regulation, reproduction, excretion, growth and development, nutrition, transportation, synthesis

Question 2

Question: What is homeostasis?

Answer 2

Answer: The maintenance of a stable internal environment.

Question 3

Question: What is metabolism?

Answer 3

Answer: The sum of all functions needed to survive, including respiration, regulation, reproduction, and more.

Question 4

Question: What is respiration?

Answer 4

Answer: The exchange of gases between an organism and its environment to make energy.

Question 5

Question: What is regulation in living organisms?

Answer 5

Answer: The control and movement of activities within an organism.

Question 6

Question: What is reproduction and the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?

Answer 6

Reproduction is the ability of an organism to create another organism known as an “offspring”

Answer: Asexual reproduction involves one parent with low diversity, while sexual reproduction involves two parents and higher diversity.

Question 7

Question: What is excretion?

Answer 7

Answer: The removal of waste produced by an organism’s metabolic activities.

Question 8

Question: What is growth in living organisms?

Answer 8

Answer: Growth involves the physical growth of cells and transformation during development.

Question 9

Question: What is the process of nutrition in living organisms?

Answer 9

Answer: The process of obtaining nutrients from food to gain energy. This includes ingestion, digestion, and egestion.

Question 10

Question: What is transportation in cells?

Answer 10

Answer: The process by which materials are transported in and out of the cell.

Question 11

Question: What is synthesis in cells?

Answer 11

Answer: The process of creating or making something, such as dehydration synthesis.

Question 12

Question: What are the three parts of the cell theory?

Answer 12

Answer: 1) All cells come from preexisting cells. 2) Cells are the basic unit of life. 3) All living organisms are made up of cells.

Question 13

Question: What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 13

Answer: Prokaryotic cells are single-celled organisms, while eukaryotic cells are multicellular organisms.

Question 14

Question: What does the nucleus do in a cell?

Answer 14

Answer: The nucleus acts as the brain of the cell and contains DNA with instructions for survival and reproduction.

Question 15

Question: What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Answer 15

Answer: Ribosomes are where protein synthesis occurs.

Question 16

Question: What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?

Answer 16

Answer: Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, where cellular respiration takes place to release energy.

Question 17

Question: What are chloroplasts and where are they found?

Answer 17

Answer: Chloroplasts are found only in plant cells and are the site of photosynthesis.

Question 18

Question: What are the differences between plant and animal cells?

Answer 18

Answer: Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not. Both have a cell membrane and cytoplasm.

Question 19

Question: What is the structure of the cell membrane?

Answer 19

Answer: The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic (water-loving) heads and hydrophobic (water-hating) tails, along with protein channels for material transport.

Question 20

Question: What are viruses?

Answer 20

Answer: Viruses are living organisms that attach themselves to and live within cells.

Question 21

Question: What are the levels of organization in biology?

Answer 21

Answer: Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms.