Unit 2: physical anthropology

Question 1

Anthropology

Answer 1

the scientific study of the origin, the behaviours, and the physical, social and cultural development of humans.
Anthropologists seek to understand what makes us human.

Question 2

vestigal structure

Answer 2

a feature that species have inherited from an ancestor but is less elaborate and used than in their ancestor who passed it on EX: wisdom teeth

Question 3

theories

Answer 3

-One based purely on science = Evolutionists
-One based purely on religion
= Creationists
-One based on a combination
= Interventionists

Question 4

Evolutionists

Answer 4

• humans evolved over millions of years
• adaptations/natural selection

Question 5

Creationists

Answer 5

Gods Creation began 10 000 years ago based on The Book of Genesis

Question 6

Interventionists

Answer 6

fossil fuels change humans
- there was an intervention by a super being that changed us to humans
- humans have 5 altered chromosomes

Question 7

Charles Darwin

Answer 7

• Origin of Species
• all species have evolved through natural selection

Question 8

Natural Selection

Answer 8

species had to evolve or face extinction. those who survived passed down advantageous traits

Question 9

adaptation

Answer 9

Individuals with beneficial adaptations are more likely to survive and pass on their genes

Question 10

where humans come from?

Answer 10

• developed from Primates like Chimpanzee’s = both vocal, emotional, make tools, culture

Question 11

Jane Goodall

Answer 11

• discovered chimps eat meat
• they have emotions
• make use of tools

Question 12

Dian Fossey

Answer 12

• identified Gorillas by nose prints
• found they were social and had strong relationships

Question 13

Birute Galdakis

Answer 13

• convinced Leakey to let her be head on study of Orangutangs
• discovered offspring patterns/birth cycles

Question 14

paleoanthropology

Answer 14

Paleoanthropologists study bone and stone remains of our ancient ancestors from millions of years ago

Question 15

human variation

Answer 15

the study of the physical differences and similarities of existing humans
-essential to the survival of any species

Question 16

Opposable thumbs

Answer 16

hypothesis: they add an extra strength to our hand to precisely pick up things and be more detailed, they help us carry out everyday activities.

Question 17

The Hobbit

Answer 17

Moral: have the courage to challenge ourselves and those around us

Question 18

Research methods

Answer 18

observation, case studies, interviews, diggings, experiments

Question 19

Lucy

Answer 19

found by Donald Johanson that was an Australopithecus Afarensis 3.2 mill years ago, hyoid bone for speech

Question 20

Neanderthals vs humans

Answer 20

Neanderthals.: shorter, more muscular, larger brains different skulls, large teeth

Question 21

Bipedalism

Answer 21

3.6 mill years ago, adaptation

Question 22

The Hobbit

Answer 22

courage to challenge ourselves and those around us