Unit 2 - Matter Flashcards
Matter
Anything that takes up space and has mass
Particles are closely packed; definite shape and volume
Solid
Particles are more loosely packed and can move over and around each other; variable shape and definite volume
Liquid
Particles are widely distributed and moving fast; variable shape and volume
Gas
Highly ionized particles moving very fast
Plasma
Solid becomes liquid
Melting
Liquid becomes solid
Freezing
Liquid becomes gas at boiling point
Boiling
Liquid becomes gas
Evaporation
Gas becomes liquid
Condensation
Solid becomes gas
Sublimation
Gas becomes solid
Deposition
Pure Substance
a sample of matter with both definite and constant composition and distinct chemical properties
Element
a pure substance that cannot be broken down by any means
Compound
a pure substance that is made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together
How can compounds be separated into their component elements?
only through chemical changes/reactions
Mixture
two or more pure substances combined together that are NOT bonded together
How can mixtures be separated?
Through physical changes
Homogeneous mixture
a mixture where the components are evenly mixed all the way down to the molecular level
Another word for homogeneous mixture
solution
Heterogeneous mixture
a mixture where the components of the mixture are NOT evenly mixed all the way down to the molecular level
Which has larger particles: a suspension or a colloid?
Suspension
Which will settle out eventually: a suspension or a colloid?
Suspension
What type of mixture can the Tyndall Effect help to identify?
Colloid
Distillation
A method used to separate two pure substances with different boiling points
Filtration
A method used to separate a solid substance out of a liquid (heterogeneous mixtures only)
Chromatrography
A method used to separate solutions that relies on the different attractions of each component towards another substance
Physical Property
a property that can be observed without changing the nature of the substance
Chemical Property
a property that can only be observed by changing the nature of the substance
Physical Change
a change that does not result in a different substance
Chemical Change
a change that results in a new/different substance
Extensive Property
physical property that depends on the amount of matter present
Intensive Property
physical property that does not depend on the amount of matter present
Ductility
ability to draw into thin wires
Malleability
ability to shape into flat sheets
Refractive Index
Measurement of how much a substance bends a light ray as it passes through it
Recognizing a chemical change
Formation of a precipitate Change in color Production of a gas Change in energy (temperature) Change in smell
