UNIT 2 CHAPTER 17-GENETIC CROSSES Flashcards
what is fertilisation ?
the union of two gametes to form a single cell called a zygote
wha are gametes ?
they are haploid cells that are capable of fusion
what is are alleles ?
alleles are different forms of the same gene
what is the locus ?
the locus of a gene is its position on a chromosome
what does dominant mean ?
dominant means that the allele prevents the working of the recessive allele
what does recessive mean ?
recessive means the allele is prevented from working by a dominant allele
what does genotype mean ?
genotype means the genetic make up of an organsim
what does phenotype mean ?
phenotype means the physical make up or appearance of an organism
what does progeny refer too ?
refers to the offspring that are produced
what does homozygous mean ?
homozygous mean that two alleles are the same
what does heterozygous mean ?
heterozygous means that two alleles are different
what does incomplete dominance mean ?
incomplete dominance means that neither allele is dominant or recessive with respect to the other. Both alleles work in the heterozygous genotype to produce an intermediate phenotype
what is the law of segregation(mendels first law) ?
it mean that - inherited characteristics are controlled by pairs of factors - these factors segregate from each other at gamete formation wiht only one member of the pair being found in each gamete
what is the law of independent assortment ?
states that when gametes are formed either of the pair of factors is equally likely to combine with either of another pair of factors
what does linkage mean ?
linkage means that genes are located on the same chromosome
