UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3-FOOD

Question 0

What are biomolecules ?

Answer 0

Biomolecules are chemicals that are made inside a living thing.

Question 1

What is a trace element ?

Answer 1

Trace elements are found in small amounts in organisms.

Question 2

Name two major types of biomolecules found in food ?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates,
Lipids,
Proteins,
Vitamins.

Question 3

What is the formula for glucose ?

Answer 3

C6 H12 O6

Question 4

Name the three categories of carbohydrates ?

Answer 4

monosaccharides,
disaccharides,
polysaccharides.

Question 5

What are monosaccharides ?

Answer 5

Monosaccharides are the smallest units of carbs,
They are made up of 1 sugar unit,
They are sweet to taste and water soluble,
Two examples are Glucose and Fructose.

Question 6

What are disaccharrides,

Answer 6

They consist of two monosaccharides joined together,
They are sweet to taste and water soluble,
Examples are sucrose, maltose, lactose.

Question 7

What are polysaccharides ?

Answer 7

Polysaccharides are slightly water soluble,
They contain many monosaccharides linked together,
Examples are starch, cellulose, glycogen.

Question 8

What are phospholipids .

Answer 8

Phospholipids are fat-like substances where one of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group or has a phosphate group added to it.

Question 9

What are proteins composed of ?

Answer 9

Amino acids.

Question 10

How man common amino acids are found in protein

Answer 10

20

Question 11

What is the bond between amino acids called ?

Answer 11

Peptide bond.

Question 12

what are anabolic reactions ?

Answer 12

reactions that convert small molecules to larger.

Question 13

what are catabolic reactions ?

Answer 13

when a complex molecule is broken down to a simpler ones

Question 14

what is the structure of lipids and what is it called ?

Answer 14

/G\                                                         
|L|----------(FATTY ACID 1)
|Y|
|C|                                            AND        TRIGLYCERIDE
|E|---------(FATTY ACID 2)
|R|
|O|---------(FATTY ACID 3)
\L/

Question 15

what are the differents between fats and oils in room temperature

Answer 15

fats are solid at room temperature
&
oils are liquids at room temperature

Question 16

what is the structure of a phospholipid

Answer 16

G
L---------FATTY ACID 1
Y
C
E---------FATTY ACID 2 
R
O--------PHOSPHATE
L

Question 17

what is the starch test ?

Answer 17

iodine solution turns blue / black in the presence of starch

Question 18

what are some sources of protein ?

Answer 18

meat / fish / eggs / nuts / milk / peas / beans

Question 19

sources of lipids ?

Answer 19

oils / margarine / cream / olives

Question 20

sources of carbohydrates

Answer 20

pasta / breads / potatoes / rice / sugars / fruits / sweets / cakes

Question 21

what vitamin is water soluble

Answer 21

vitamin c

Question 22

what vitamin is fat-soluble

Answer 22

vitamin d

Question 23

what is an example of an anabolic reaction

Answer 23

photosynthesis

Question 24

what is an example of a catabolic reaction

Answer 24

respiration

Question 25

What reagent is used for testing for a reducing sugar ?

Answer 25

Benedict’s solution

Question 26

What reagent is used for testing for starch

Answer 26

Iodine

Question 27

What reagent is used for testing for fat

Answer 27

Paper

Question 28

What reagent is used for testing fr protein

Answer 28

Biuret reagent (sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate)

Question 29

What are some functions of minerals in plants and animals

Answer 29

1-To form rigid body structures such as bones and the cement between and in cell walls,
2-To make soft body parts like muscle,
3-To play a role in forming cell and body fluids