Unit 2-Cellular Respiration

Question 1

The chemical reaction which causes the release of energy from a respiratory substrate

Answer 1

Cellular Respiration

Question 2

Produced by the breakdown of pyruvate

Answer 2

Acetyl group

Question 3

A substrate that can be used for respiration instead of carbohydrate

Answer 3

Protein or Fat -
Alternative Respiratory Substances

Question 4

High energy compound used for energy transfer in cells

Answer 4

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 5

The first substance produced in the citric acid cycle

Answer 5

Citrate

Question 6

Second stage of aerobic respiration, takes place in the central matrix of the mitochondria.

Answer 6

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 7

A substance that carries an acetyl group into the citric acid cycle

Answer 7

Coenzyme A

Question 8

Removes hydrogen from its substrate, important in the citric acid cycle.

Answer 8

Dehydrogenase Enzymes

Question 9

Hydrogen carrier, important in the Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 9

NAD

Question 10

Occurs when there is no oxygen present/ in anaerobic conditions

Answer 10

Fermentation

Question 11

The first stage of cellular respiration, takes place in the cytoplasm

Answer 11

Glycolysis

Question 12

Electrons that can yield energy as they are passed through an electron transport chain.

Answer 12

High Energy Electrons

Question 13

A substance produced during a metabolic pathway, between the substrate and the end product

Answer 13

Intermediates

Question 14

Produced in animal cells when oxygen is absent

Answer 14

Lactate

Question 15

Substance that combines with the acetyl group in the citric acid cycle to form citrate

Answer 15

Oxaloacetate

Question 16

Used to phosphorylate ADP

Answer 16

Inorganic Phosphate (Pi)

Question 17

The addition of a phosphate group to a substance

Answer 17

Phosphorylation

Question 18

The end product of glycolysis

Answer 18

Pyruvate

Question 19

The substrate usually broken down during cellular respiration

Answer 19

Glucose

Question 20

The enzyme which catalyses the regeneration of ATP from ADP + Pi

Answer 20

ATP Synthase

Question 21

The stage of glycolysis where there is a regeneration of 4 ATP molecules

Answer 21

Pay off Stage

Question 22

The stage of glycolysis where 2 ATP molecules are broken down to release energy

Answer 22

Energy Investment Stage

Question 23

The final products of respiration in the absence of oxygen in plant and yeast cells

Answer 23

Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide

Question 24

The final hydrogen acceptor in the electron transport chain

Answer 24

Oxygen

Question 25

The final product formed when Hydrogen joins with the final acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Answer 25

Water

Question 26

Site of glycolysis (glucose -> acetyl)

Answer 26

Cytoplasm