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Higher Biology > Unit 1-Structure Of DNA > Flashcards

Unit 1-Structure Of DNA Flashcards

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1
Q

Basic units of DNA

A

Nucleotides

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2
Q

3 components of a nucleotide

A

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and base

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3
Q

What is formed when many nucleotides join together?

A

Sugar-phosphate backbone

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4
Q

What is the bond that forms between the phosphate and deoxyribose sugar?

A

Covalent bond

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5
Q

Name the sugar group present in DNA.

A

Deoxyribose sugar

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6
Q

What type of bond forms between complementary bases on the parallel strands of DNA?

A

Hydrogen bond

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7
Q

The term for two strands of DNA running in opposite directions.

A

Anti-parallel

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8
Q

The term for adenine pairing with thymine and guanine pairing with cytosine

A

Complementary base pairing

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9
Q

General name for the 4 nitrogenous organic molecules which determine the DNA sequence.

A

Bases

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10
Q

What is determined by the sequence of bases?

A

Order of amino acids therefore types of protein produced

Genotype

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11
Q

The 3’ strand of DNA ends with this.

A

Deoxyribose sugar

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12
Q

The 5’ strand of DNA ends with this.

A

Phosphate

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13
Q

Tightly coiled DNA molecule carrying genetic information.

A

Chromosome

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14
Q

How is the DNA found in the nucleus of eukaryotes?

A

Linear chromosomes

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15
Q

What type of chromosomes are found in mitochondria and chloroplasts?

A

Circular chromosomes

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16
Q

Cells with a membrane-bound nucleus.

A

Eukaryotic cell

17
Q

Cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus and may contain small rings of DNA.

A

Prokaryotic cell

18
Q

Small rings of DNA that may be found in bacterial cells and yeast cells.

A

Plasmid

19
Q

DNA is found tightly coiled and packaged with these.

A

Associated proteins (Histones)

20
Q

A technique used to separate out fragments of digested DNA based on their size and charge.

A

Gel Electrophoresis

Higher Biology (24 decks)

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