Unit 2 - Blood Glucose Levels And Obesity Flashcards
What is the normal blood glucose level ?
5 millimoles per litre
What happens if diabetes is left untreated
The glucose levels rise to an abnormal or chronic level
The effect of an increase of glucose in small vessels is ?
The membrane becomes thicker and weaker
What is the effect of a small blood vessel becoming thicker and weaker ?
It will burst and bleed into surrounding tissues
Microvascular disease causes what ?
Causes damage to the retina and the kidneys
Stages of the regulation of glucose in the liver during an increase
The increase is detected by the pancreas
The production of insulin is increased
Insulin travels through the blood to the liver
Insulin activates the conversion of glucose to glycogen
Stages of the regulation of glucose in the liver during a decrease
The decrease is detected by the pancreas
The production of glucagon is increased
Glucagon travels through the blood to the liver
Glucagon activates the conversion of glycogen to glucose
The body needs more glucose during what ?
Exercise or fight or flight situations
In order to get an additional supply of glucose what events happen ?
The adrenal glands secrete the hormone adrenaline
Adrenaline inhibits the secretion of insulin and promotes the break down of glycogen to glucose
What stage in life does type 1 diabetes occur
Childhood or early teens
What is the treatment for type 1 diabetes
Regular insulin injections and a balanced diet
What stage in life does type 2 diabetes occur
Adulthood
What is the treatment for type 2 diabetes
Exercise, weight control and a balanced diet
What happens after eating if diabetes isn’t treated
There is a rapid rise in glucose levels
What does it mean for the kidneys if there is a rapid rise in glucose ?
The kidneys cannot reabsorb much of the glucose therefore is it lost in urine
