Unit 2: Atomic Theory Flashcards
Ernest Rutherford
Mass and positive charge of an atom exists in the nucleus
J.J Thompson
- *Atoms have subatomic Particles
- *Subatomic particles have a charge
- *Isotopes
Subatomic Particles are….
Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
Electrons
- *Negative charge
- *Almost no mass: 1/2000
- *Account for the VOLUME of an atom
Protons
- *Positively Charged
- *Neutralizes the electron (negative)
- *Has mass (1 amu)
- *Located in Nucleus
Neutrons
- *Neutral Charge
- *Located in Nucleus
- *Has mass (1amu)
Atomic Number
The amount of PROTONS an ELECTRONS in an atoms nucleus and determines the IDENTITY of that atom
Atomic Mass
Number of PROTONS and NEUTRONS that an atom has
Isotopes
Elements that have different mass (neutrons) numbers but are the same identities/atomic number
Average Atomic Mass (amu)
Weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of that specific element.
Nuclear Chemistry
Study of the structure of atomic nuclei and the change they undergo
Marie Curie
Named the process b which certain atoms gives off radioactive rays and called it radiation
Radiation
The rays and particles emitted by a radioactive source
Radioisotopes
Isotopes with unstable nuclei (more neutrons then protons).
Radioactive Decay
When unstable nuclei emit radiation to get a more stable nuclei. During decay, atoms lose energy through 3 types of radiation