Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psych 1/2 > Unit 2 AOS1 > Flashcards

Unit 2 AOS1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is social cognition?

A

It is how we interpret, analyse, remember and use information to make judgement’s about others in different social situation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is personal perception?

A

it is the mental processes we use to form impressions and draw conclusions about personal characteristics of other people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why is personal perception important?

A

Can be important when interacting with strangers (keeps you safe!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the halo effect?
Give an example.

A

A cognitive bias in which the impression we form about on quality in a person, leads us to expectations and beliefs in another quality.

Assuming a pretty person is kind.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Salience Detection

A

It is used to describe characteristics that stand out in a specific situation and are therefore more easily detected.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is attribution?

A

It is the process in which people explain the causes of their own and other peoples behaviour.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two catergories for attribution?
Explain them.

A

INTERNAL ATTRABUTION: explaining behaviour in terms of characteristics of the person involved, such as personality, ability, attitude, mood, motivation or effort.

EXTERNAL ATTRABUTION:
explaining behaviour due to the factors of the situation, such as the actions of others, the task, environment, luck or fate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Using a example explain the difference between internal and external attribution.

A

You failed a test.
Internal: didn’t put in enough effort in to understanding it.
External: the teacher did not explain it to me.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the fundamental attribution error?

A

The tendency to overestimate the influence of personal factors and underestimate the impact of situational factors on other people’s behaviour.

basically attributes a person’s behaviour to internal rather than external factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is actor-observer bias?

What is an example?

A

The tendency to attribution our own behaviour to external causes, yet attribute the behaviour of others to internal factors.

for examples: blaming Emily’s 40% mark on a psych test due to a lack of study but my 41% score was due to a difficult paper.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is self-serving bias?

A

It is when judging ourselves, we tend to take credit for our successes and attribute failures to situational factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a attitude?

A

An attitude is an evaluation a person makes about an object, person, group or event/issue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are attitudes formed?

A

Experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the tri-component model of attitude?

A

A way to explain attitudes. it proposes that attitude has 3 related components.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the three components of the model?

A

Affective component
Behavioural component
Cognitive component.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is affective component?
Give an example.

A

Affective component refers to an emotional reactions or feelings an individual has towards an object, person, group, event or issue.
eg. I hate maths.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is behavioural component?
Give an example.

A

Behaviour component refers to the way an attitude is expressed through our actions.
eg. running to keep fit which is a behavioural component that reflects your attitude towards fitness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is cognitive component?
Give an example.

A

Cognitive component refers to the beliefs we have about an object, person, group, event or issue.
eg. You think dogs are a good companion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Give an example of consistency throughout the tri-model.

A

A: I love dogs
B: might buy a dog and hang our with it all the time
C: you think dogs make a good companion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Give an example of inconsistency throughout the tri-model.

A

A: you dislike drinking
C: you think that drinking is bad for you
B: you drink because your friends do.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a limitation of the tri-model?

A

There can be a inconsistency between the three components.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a stereotype?

A

it is a collection of beliefs that we have about the people who belong to a certain group (such as age group , gender, or race), regardless of the individual differences.

23
Q

What is stereotyping?

A

the process of grouping or ‘fitting’ people into a category based on what we know.

24
Q

What do stereotypes lead to?

A

They lead to stigma, prejudice or both.

25
What is social stigma?
It is a negative label associated with disapproval or rejection by others who are not labelled in that way.
26
What is cognitive dissonance?
It is the feeling of discomfit when a person acts in a way that is inconstant with their attitude or perception of themselves.
27
What is prejudice?
Prejudice is holing a negative attitude towards the members of a group, based solely on their membership of the group.
28
What does prejudice lead to?
prejudice leads to discrimination
29
What are the two types of prejudice? Explain them.
prejudice in history (old-fashion): people in the majority group OPENLY reject people in the minority group. modern prejudice: more SUBTLE, hidden and expressed in wats that is more likely to be accepted within the majority group.
30
Explicit VS Implicit
Explicit is prejudice that is consciously held and usually deliberately. Implicit is prejudice that is unconsciously held. (unaware)
31
What is discrimination?
a behaviour that arises from the attitude of prejudice.
32
What is indirect discrimination? Give an example.
Indirect occurs when treating everybody in the same way disadvantages someone because of a personal characteristics. For example: having no disability ramp into the public swimming pool.
33
What is direct discrimination? Give an example.
Direct when someone is treated unfairly and is disadvantaged because of a personal characteristic protected by the law. For example: telling someone they can't use the public pool because their looks may upset others.
34
What are the forms of discriminations?
Sexism, Agism, Racist
35
What is status?
It is the importance of an individual's position in a group, as perceived by members of the group.
36
What is power?
Power refers to an individual's (or group) ability to control or influence the thoughts, feelings or behaviour of another person (or group).
37
What are the types of power?
reward power, coercive power, legitimate power, referent power, expert power, information power.
38
What is reward power?
Reward power is the ability to remove a negative consequence or give a positive consequence in response to a specific behaviour. BOSS
39
What is coercive power?
Coercive power is the ability to remove a positive consequence or give a negative consequence in response to a specific behaviour TEACHER
40
What is legitimate power?
It is when an individual's status/position in a group, organisation, or society in general gives them right (authority) to exercise power over those with a lower status. POLICE OFFICER
41
What is referent power?
It is when an individuals identify with or want to be like this person. TAYLOR SWIFT
42
What is expert power?
It is having specific/special knowledge and skills that are desirable or needed. PILOT
43
What is information power?
It is having resources or information that are useful and are not available elsewhere. SOMEONE HAVING A SPECIFIC EXPERIENCE
44
What is group thinking?
Group thinking occurs when people's desire to maintain group loyalty becomes more important than making the best choices.
45
What is group polarisation?
It is the tendency of an individual group member to shift their initially held views to a more extreme position.
46
What is social comparison?
It is the process of evaluating our attitudes and abilities by comparing ourselves to others.
47
What is deindividuation?
It is when a person's identity within a group overrides their own identity and self-awareness.
48
What is obedience? What are the factors that affect it?
Obedience occurs when we follow the commands of someone with authority, or the rules or laws of our society. Factors: - status of authority - proximity - group pressure
49
What is conformity?
It involves changing one's behaviour to match the responses or actions of others. (no pressure is needed)
50
Heuristics?
Heuristics: mental shortcuts we use to make quicker, more efficient decisions.
51
Availability heuristics
Availability heuristic: a mental shortcut in which we use the information that we first think of to make a judgement.
52
Fundamental attribution error
Fundamental attribution error is the tendency to overestimate the influence of personal factors and underestimate the impact of situational factors on other people’s behaviour.
53

Psych 1/2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions