Unit 2 Flashcards
Process that consist of reinforcement and extinction that may result in either differentiation or discrimination
Differential reinforcement
Two operations of differential reinforcement
Reinforcement
extinction
Results with differential reinforcement consist of reinforcing one response and placing a second response on extinction
Differentiation
Results with differential reinforcement consist of reinforcing a response when certain stimuli are present and not reinforcing the same response from the stimuli are not present
Discrimination
Both the SD and S Delta stimulus conditions are presented to the learner the same time
Simultaneous discrimination training
Only one antecedent SD or S Delta is presented to the learner in a given trial
Successive discrimination training
Reinforce a response in the presence of a stimulus but not in the absence of that stimulus
Discrimination training
A situation in which the frequency latency duration or amplitude of a behavior is altered by the presence or absence of an antecedent stimulus
Stimulus control
Discrimination training results in
Stimulus control
Model
An antecedent stimulus That evokes the imitated behavior
Prearranged antecedent stimuli that facilitate new skills
Planned models
All antecedent stimuli with the capacity to evoke imitation
Unplanned models
Teaching the learner to imitate or do exactly what the person providing the model is doing
Imitation training
Types of imitation
Find motor
gross motor
object imitation
An antecedent manipulation in which 2-5 easy/known tasks are presented in a quick succession immediately prior to a difficult high effort task or response that is relatively infrequent
High probability request sequence
Following directions or complying with requests of others
Listener responding
The parts of items and the descriptions of items
Feature
The actions that typically go with the items or what one does with the items and classes
Function
The group the item belongs
Class
Procedure in which the prompt is provided right away
Errorless teaching
Different reinforcers are provided in the discrimination task each of which is correlated with a given stimulus
Say hi- hi- gummy bear
How old- 5- potato chips
Differential outcome procedure
Differential outcomes can be effective in
Difficult discrimination tasks
Antecedents are presented teacher waits for the learner to respond
learner response and teacher provides consequence contingent on the learners response
Discrete trial teaching DTT
An antecedent stimulus that sets the occasion for the learners response
a response by the learner
a teacher provided consequence for the learners response
Components of a discrete trial
Programming mastered items or task in between acquisition trials during discrete trial instruction
Task interspersal
One or more cues occur or motivating operations are captured in a naturally occurring situation. Naturally occurring consequences are delivered contingent on learners response
Incidental teaching
Taking advantage of a teaching situation that arises without warning in the natural setting
Capturing
Setting up a prearranged teaching opportunity
Contriving
DTT often results in
Rapid rate of acquisition
IT/NET Often results in
Stimulus generalization and induction
DOE produced an
Increased rate of acquisition
Mostly contrived and artificial trials
Useful for learners who do not demo attending skills, cooperate with prompts, exhibit problems behaviors
Short trial intervals
DTT
Discrete trial training
Are mostly captured and natural
Naturally occurring activities
Learner initiated
Useful with children who have attending skills and who cooperate with prompts
IT
Incidental teaching
