UNIT 2: (2.3) Reproduction Flashcards
what is fertilisation?
the fusion of the nuclei of two haploid gametes (n) to produce a diploid zygote (2n) which then repeatedly divides by mitosis to form an embryo
what are all the structures in a plant? (8)
- anther
- stigma
- style
- ovary
- ovule
- nectary
- petal
- sepal
what is the function of the anther?
male part that produces pollen grains (male gamete)
what is the function of the stigma?
where pollen grains land in pollenation
what is the function of the style?
female part connecting stigma to the ovary
what is the function of the ovary in plants?
female part that produces and stores ovules( female gamete)
what is the function of the ovule?
contains the female gamete
what is the function of the nectary?
makes nectar to attract insects
what is the function of the petal?
brightly coloured to attract insects
what is the function of the sepal?
protects the bud before flowering
what is pollination?
process by which pollen grains are transferred from the anther to the stigma
how does fertilisation happen in plants?
- pollen grain lands on stigma a pollen tube grows down to the ovary
- male gamete leaves the pollen grain and travels down the pollen tube into the ovary
- the fuses with the nucleus of the female gamete (ovule) in fertilisation
what structural features of an egg cell allow it to perform its function?
- has a store of food in cytoplasm
- larger than sperm for nucleus
what are all the structures of the male reproductive system?
- testis
- sperm tube
- penis
- urethra
what is the function of the testis?
where sperm cells are produced
what is the function of the sperm tube?
carries sperm out of the testis
what is the function of the penis?
deposits sperm inside female vagina in sexual intercourse
what is the function of the urethra?
tube through the penis that carries both urine and sperm out of the body
what are all the structures of the female reproductive system?
- oviduct
- ovary
- uterus
- vagina
what is the function of the oviduct?
tube that connects ovary to uterus and the site of fertilisation
what is the function of the ovary in humans?
where egg (or ova) are produced and stored
what is the function of the uterus?
where the fertilised egg (zygote) develops into an embryo then fetus
what is the function of the vagina?
where sperm is deposited in sexual intercourse
how many chromosomes does a zygote have?
46
diploid
how does a zygote become an embryo?
zygote divides repeatedly by mitosis to form an embryo
