UNIT 2: (2.2b) Hormonal Control Flashcards
what are hormones?
molecules that act as chemical messengers and are produced and released into the bloodstream by endocrine glands
what are examples of hormones?
- adrenaline
- insulin
- oestrogen
- teststorone
what is the function and what endocrine gland is adrenaline produced in?
- adrenal
- prepares the body for rapid activity by increasing heart rate and sugar levels in the blood and diverting blood to muscles and the brain
what is the function and what endocrine glans is insulin produced in?
- pancreas
- control of blood sugar levels
what is the function and what endocrine gland is oestrogen produced in?
- ovary
- causes changes at puberty and helps control the menstrual cycle
what is the function and what endocrine gland is testosterone produced in?
- testes
- causes changes in puberty and stimulates sperm production
what is specific about target tissue cells?
they have cells with complementary receptor proteins for specific hormones so only that tissue will be affected by these hormones
what does insulin bring about?
decrease in blood glucose levels in response to an increase
what does glucagon bring about?
increase in blood glucose in a response to a decrease
what hormones are responsible for regulating blood glucose concentration?
- insulin
- glucagon
where are insulin and glucagon produced?
pancreas
what happens when there is a glucose decrease?
glucose decrease —> pancreas receptors –> more glucagon –> liver –> glycogen> glucose –> glucose norm
what happens when there is a glucose increase?
glucose increase –> pancreas receptors –> more insulin
–> liver –> glucose> glycogen –> glucose norm
when can glucose levels go up?
after eating
when can glucose levels go down?
- fasting
- after exercise
