Unit 2

Question 1

What are the three phases of drug actions?

Answer 1

Drug Administration
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics

Question 2

What is the purpose of the Drug Administration phase?

Answer 2

Drug dosage forms

Routes of administration

Question 3

Types of Dosage form

Answer 3

Oral (Enteral)
Injectable
Aerosol/MDI
Suppository
Sublingeal

Question 4

Route things to consider

Answer 4

Availability of drug
Desired rate of onset/duration of action
Safety of route
Local/systemic effect is desired
Can pt. swallow
Stability of agent in GI fluids
Amt. of drug needed
Convenience

Question 5

Route of Administration

Answer 5

Enteral
Parenteral
Transdermal
Inhalation
Topical

Question 6

Oral route

Answer 6

cheapest & easiest to absorb in GI tract, then blood stream

Question 7

Pharmokinetic Phase

Answer 7

Distributed and eliminated in the body based on:
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination

Question 8

Pharacodynamic

Answer 8

Refers to the interaction of the drug molecules with target receptor sites

Question 9

Three ways drugs produce effects

Answer 9

Key fits lock - causes reaction
Key fits lock - does not cause reaction (broken key blocks receptor site)
Key alters membrane permeability

Question 10

Three conditions for drugs as a Lock and key

Answer 10

Must reach receptor site
Must be specific to the receptor site
Specifically depends upon chemical structure

Question 11

Four terms of lock and key

Answer 11

Affinity
Efficacy
Agonist
Antagonist

Question 12

Affinity

Answer 12

Likeness

Question 13

Efficacy

Answer 13

Effect

Question 14

Agonist

Answer 14

Both Affinity and Efficacy

binds to the receptor site and causes an effect or response

Question 15

Antagonist

Answer 15

Has Affinity not efficacy

binds to the receptor site but causes no response

Question 16

Type of Drug interactions

Answer 16

Additive
Synergism
Potentiation
Antagonism

Question 17

Additive

Answer 17

At least two drugs given at the same time and they do what they do

1 + 1 = 2

Question 18

Synergism

Answer 18

Drugs work together than individually

1 + 1 = 3

Question 19

Potentiation

Answer 19

Because 2nd drug is there, 1st drug will work better

1 + 0 = 1

Question 20

Antagonism

Answer 20

Drugs cancel each other out

1 + 1 = 0

Question 21

Responses to Drug Therapy

Answer 21

Addiction Allergy
Anaphylaxis Carcinogens
Cumulation Desensitization
Dependence Half-life
Paradoxical Effect Potency
Resistance Side Effect
Trachyphylaxis Teratogens
Tolerence

Question 22

Potency

Answer 22

Refers to the effective dose

Question 23

Maximum Effect

Answer 23

Greatest response can be produced by a drug.

No further response can be elicited.

Question 24

Therapeutic Index

Answer 24

Ration of the LD50 and ED50 for a given drug, with ED50 and LD 50 indicating half the test subjects rather than 50% clinical response

Question 25

ED50

Answer 25

the dose of the drug that produces 50% of the maximal response

Question 26

LD50

Answer 26

Lethal dose for 50% of the test population