unit 1aos 1 organelles in a cell Flashcards
cell membrane
Cell membranes protect and organize cells
cytoplasma
is the gel-like fluid inside the cell. It is the medium for chemical reaction. It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell
ribosome
the site of protein synthesis in the cell.
nucleus
structure in a cell that contains the chromosomes to be passed down from one generation to another
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough and Smooth)
Rough endoplasmic reticulum processes proteins; smooth endoplasmic reticulum produces fat and breaks down toxins and wastes.
Golgi apparatus
ransport, sorting and modification of both protein and lipid
Mitochondria (Singular: Mitochondrion)
generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions.
cell wall
provides tensile strength and protection
chloroplast
a double membrane-bound organelle that contains flattened disk, fluid-filled sacs that are the site of photosynthesis. They also contain their own DNA and ribosomes.
vacuole
To store food, waste and water for cells.
glycolipid
lipids with carbohydrate chains that serve as cell recognition markers
cytoskeleton filaments
long protein chains that help the cell hold its shape. organelles and other large molecules can travel along these chains like super highways in the cell
membrane protein
portends that can send to nearby cells or receive signals from outside their cell. they can also serve as anchors for other proteins inside the cell
cholesterol
a hydrophobic lipid molecule
prokaryotic
a group of single-celled organisms with no nucleus and a circular loop of DNA. Bacteria and archaea are both prokaryotic
eukaryotic
a group of single and multi-celled organisms with a nucleus and linear strands of DNA. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotic
plasma membrane
the phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins which separate the intracellular environment from the extracellular environment.
Also known as cell membrane
cytosol
the aqueous fluid that surrounds the organelles inside a cell
membrane-bound organelle
structure within a cell that is enclosed by a phospholipid bilayer
lysosomes
A membrane-bound vesicle that contains digestive enzymes. It is responsible for breaking down cell waste and toxins, acting like a garbage disposal.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
a membraneous chain of connected and flattened sacs that are not coated with ribosomes. Its responsible for the production of lipids in a cell.
what cells are in plant cells which aren’t in animal cells.
- cellulose, cell wall
-large vacuole
-plasmodesma
-chloroplast
-chloroplast
what cells are in animal cells that aren’t in plant cells
-centrosome
-lysosome
