unit 1 bioethics

Question 1

what are three bioethical approaches

Answer 1

->Consequence-based approach

->Rule-based approach

->Virtues-based approach

Question 2

what Is the definition of a bioethical approach

Answer 2

An approach to bioethics is a tool/framework that guides ethical decision making

Question 3

define consequence-based approach

Answer 3

Aim is to maximise positive outcomes while minimizing negative outcomes.
Greatest good for all stakeholders.
“The end justifies the means”.

Question 4

define rule based approach

Answer 4

Expects the decision-maker to follow a rule or procedure without questioning it.
No consideration of individual circumstances or context.
Promotes the “means” above the “end”.

Question 5

define virtues based approach

Answer 5

People are expected to act in a way that is good, kind and honest.
Decision making is based on the “moral compass” of the person who is making the decision.

Question 6

what are the 5 bioethical concepts

Answer 6

Integrity
Justice
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
Respect

Question 7

define the bioethical concept of integrity

Answer 7

Commitment to truth.
Act in a way that is consistent with what is known to be right.
Openness to criticism.

Question 8

define the bioethical concept of justice

Answer 8

Treating people as they should be treated.
Fair distribution of resources (equity) and equal access to benefits.

Question 9

define the bioethical concept of beneficence

Answer 9

Kindness and goodness.
Seeks to maximise benefits for others and promotes the wellbeing of others.

Question 10

define the the bioethical concept of
non-maleficence

Answer 10

Commitment to minimizing harm to other people.
Even if some people are disadvantaged and their freedoms are restricted.

Question 11

define the bioethical concept of respect

Answer 11

Upholding the value of others including their welfare, beliefs, freedoms and autonomy.
Promotes the freedom of others to make decisions for themselves.

Question 12

define a stake holder

Answer 12

A stakeholder is someone with an interest or a concern in an event or an issue.

Question 13

provide examples of 4 who a stakeholder may be

Answer 13

Scientists
Individuals
Church
Government

Question 14

what are implication factors generally

Answer 14

are considerations to think about or take into account within a certain area

Question 15

what are the 4 main factors to take into consideration

Answer 15

Social
Economic
Political
Legal

Question 16

what is the society factor (three examples)

Answer 16

– how society (generally more than just the individuals involved) may be affected
individuals
family
general public etc

Question 17

what is the economic factor (2 examples)

Answer 17

involve financial matters-
who pays
will it just be available to the rich etc

Question 18

what is the parliament factor (2 examples)

Answer 18

involves the government-
->Different countries
->Changes depending on political party in charge

Question 19

what is the legal factor (2 examples)

Answer 19

involve the law and legislation
->Is it legal
->What are the legal limitations