unit 1A - topic 4 - culture + identity Flashcards
define identity
negotiation of the way you see yourself and how others see you
give examples of how identities can be reconstructed/concealed
Simpson 🏳️🌈
Skeggs 👩⚕️
define hybrid identity
NEW identity created from elements of different areas to form a mix
Les Back 1996
HYBRID IDENTITIES IN LONDON COUNCIL ESTATE YOUTH
Transitional stage in life —> freedom to experiment, not bound by traditional boundaries
inter-racial friendships result in CULTURAL BORROWING, via hairstyles 💇♀️ (dreadlocks), slang 🗣, music 🎶, clothing 👚 etc
cultures NOT fixed traditions to follow slavishly, but opportunity to experiment, mix n match
“innit” - Hindi + English
“allow it” - Jamaican + English
Nayak 2003
WHITE 👱🏼 WANNABES (‘wiggers’ / ‘wangsters’)
White working class males ADOPTING BLACK 🧑🏿🦱 STYLE
—> black music 🎶 hip hop
—> clothing 👚
—> slang 🗣
Cultural appropriation?
parody: Ali-G
serious examples: Eminem, Professor Green
define culture
shared + learned way of life, and the common set of norms, values, traditions of the society we live in
Kate Fox 🦊
cultures DIFFER and are UNIQUE TO COUNTRY
e.g. UK has language codes, talks abt weather 🌧
France highly values food 🥘
define cultural diversity
variation in culture.
INTERCULTURAL: between cultures 🦊
INTRACULTURAL: within culture 👨🎤
Increasing importance in Britain: post WW2 immigration (Windrush etc) increased intracultural diversity
define subculture
smaller groups w DISTINCTIVE NORMS + VALUES
As societies grow in size + complexity, smaller subcultures form
Hebdige
subculture: PUNK YOUTH
rejects ✋ mainstream consumerism + capitalism (refuses shop bought clothes 👗, instead 🧷 w bin. bags)
Bennet
NEO TRIBES
New subcultural hybrid groups.
Rather than DISTINCT subcultures w strict BOUNDARIES, looser groups form. Less particular values/styles.
LOOSE SOCIAL MOVEMENT
—> e.g. emo culture (combo of goth and punk)
name 4 types of culture
High 🥍
Popular 📺
Consumer 🛍
Global 🌍
High culture
High quality.
Expensive 💷
Difficult to understand 🧐
Sophisticated.
Enjoyed by ELITE FEW.
Associated w upper class, e.g. opera, classical music, ⛳️ , Shakespeare
Roberts
high culture: upper class practice SOCIAL CLOSURE 🔐
Children immersed in high culture from young age (name choice, social circle ⭕️, education, leisure activities) to reproduce cultural privilege.
Sutton Trust
High culture
Ppl in elite TOP JOBS usually PRIVATELY EDUCATED
Private schools reproduce cultural privilege (old boy network, Latin, lacrosse, exclusive elite lifestyle etc)
7/10 judges 🧑⚖️ went to private schools
