Unit 17: Reproductive System Flashcards
What are the gonads?
They produce gametes and hormones
Testes and Ovaries
The testes are surrounded by 2 layers (tunics). What are they?
Tunica vaginalis: outer layer, serous membrane derived from peritoneum
Tunica albuginea: inner layer, fibrous CT, extend inwards to divide testis
The seminiferous tubules in each lobule produces sperm (spermatogenesis). The tubules unite to form rete (network) testis. What are the walls of the tubules composed of?
Spermatogenic cells: germ cells in various stages of development
Sustenocytes: surround, nourish, and protect developing gametes
What cells protect developing sperm from the immune system, toxins, and drugs, as well as produce testicular fluid?
Sustenocytes
What does each lobule contain, aside from seminiferous tubules?
Interstitial endocrine (Leydig) cells,
which is CT between tubules that
secrete testosterone
What are the 4 main ducts of the testicular system?
Epididymis: sperm storage and maturation, posterior border of testes
Vas (ductus) deferens: transports sperm from epididymis during ejaculation
Ejeculatory duct: union of vas deferens and duct from seminal vesicle
Urethra: transports urine and semen out of the body
What are the 3 parts that
make up the penis?
Root
Body (shaft)
Gland penis (enlarged tip)
Accessory glands of the male reproductive system contribute secretions during sexual arousal. 95% of semen comes from these glands. Name these glands?
Seminal vesicles (2): posterior to bladder, secretes nutrients to sperm
Prostate gland: inferior to bladder, nourishes and activates sperm motility
Bulbourethral glands (2): inferior to prostate, lubricates urethra &glans penis
Spermiogenesis is the differentiation of the spermatids into sperm. What are these differences?
Develop flagella and acrosomes
Lose most cytoplasm
FINISHA spermatozoa is made of a head, body (midpiece), and tail (flagellum). Break down the composition of the head
The head contains the nucleus (23 chromosomes (n))
