Unit 15: Digestive System

Question 1

What are the 4 main processes of the digestive system?

Answer 1

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Defecation

Question 2

What are the components that make up the oral cavity?

Answer 2

Lips
Cheeks
Palate (hard/soft)
Tongue

Question 3

There are 3 pairs of salivary glands. What are they?

Answer 3

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

Question 4

What are the 2 types of digestion?

Answer 4

Mechanical: physical breakdown (e.g. chewing)
Chemical: enzymes and secretions (e.g. stomach acid)

Question 5

What is the uvula?

Answer 5

A projection of the posterior soft palate which rises to close the nasopharynx when swallowing

Question 6

What is it called when 1 or both parotid salivary glands are inflamed?

Answer 6

Mumps

Question 7

Primary and secondary dentition refer to what?

Answer 7

Baby teeth (primary/deciduous) and adult teeth (secondary)

Question 8

What makes up basic tooth structure?

Answer 8

Crown: above gum
Root: dentin with cementum overlay
Neck: enamel and cementum boundary
Periodontal ligaments: attach to root
Root canal: CT, nerves, blood

Question 9

What are the 4 basic layers of the GI tract?

Answer 9

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa or adventitia

Question 10

In the musculosa externa, there are 2 layers of smooth muscle separated by a second network of nerve cells. The muscle contractions are controlled by the nerve network which causes motility. What are these 2 layers?

Answer 10

Inner circular layer (constricts lumen)
Outer longitudinal layer (shortens gut)