Unit 14 Vocab

Question 1

Social Psychology

Answer 1

The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Question 2

Attribution Theory

Answer 2

The theory that we explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the persons disposition

Question 3

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 3

The tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to over estimate the impact of personal disposition

Question 4

Attitude

Answer 4

Feelings, often influenced by our believes, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events.

Question 5

Central Route Persuasion

Answer 5

Attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Question 6

Peripheral Route Persuasion

Answer 6

Attitude change path in which people our influenced by incidental cues, such as speakers attractiveness

Question 7

Foot in the Door Phenomenon

Answer 7

The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with larger request

Question 8

Role

Answer 8

A set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position or to behave

Question 9

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 9

The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort when we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent. For example, when our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash. We can reduce the resulting designs by change your attitude

Question 10

Conformity

Answer 10

Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with the group standard

Question 11

Normative social influence

Answer 11

Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval

Question 12

Informational Social Influence

Answer 12

Influence resulting from one’s willingness to except others opinions about reality

Question 13

Social Facilitation

Answer 13

Stronger responses on simple Orwell learned tasks in the presence of others

Question 14

Social Loafing

Answer 14

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal then when individually accountable

Question 15

Deindividuation

Answer 15

The loss of self-awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

Question 16

Group Polarization

Answer 16

The enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion with in the group

Question 17

Groupthink

Answer 17

The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in the decision-making group overrides a real mystic appraisal of alternatives

Question 18

Culture

Answer 18

The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

Question 19

Norm

Answer 19

And understood rule for excepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribed proper behavior

Question 20

Personal Space

Answer 20

The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies

Question 21

Prejudice

Answer 21

And unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group of people and its members. Prejudice generally involves a stereotype police, negative feelings, and a good disposition to discriminatory action

Question 22

Stereotype

Answer 22

Generalized, sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized, believe about a group of people

Question 23

Discrimination

Answer 23

Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members

Question 24

Ingroup

Answer 24

“Us” - people with whom we share common identity

Question 25

Outgroup

Answer 25

“Them” - those perceived as different or apart from our in group

Question 26

Ingroup Bias

Answer 26

The tendency to favor our own group

Question 27

Scapegoat Theory

Answer 27

The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Question 28

Other Race Effect

Answer 28

The tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than faces of other races

Question 29

Just World Phenomenon

Answer 29

The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get

Question 30

Aggression

Answer 30

Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy

Question 31

Frustration-Aggression Principle

Answer 31

The principle that frustration, the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal, create anger, which can generate aggression

Question 32

Mere Exposure Effect

Answer 32

The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them

Question 33

Passionate Love

Answer 33

And aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a relationship

Question 34

Companionate Love

Answer 34

The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined

Question 35

Equity

Answer 35

A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it

Question 36

Self Disclosure

Answer 36

Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to one other

Question 37

Altruism

Answer 37

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 38

Bystander Effect

Answer 38

The tendency for any given by standard to be less likely to give aid of other bystanders are present

Question 39

Social Exchange Theory

Answer 39

The theory that are social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Question 40

Reciprocity Norm

Answer 40

And expectation that people help, not hurt, those without them

Question 41

Social Responsibility Norm

Answer 41

And expectation that people have those depending upon them

Question 42

Conflict

Answer 42

Perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas

Question 43

Social Trap

Answer 43

A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationality pursuing their self interest, become caught in me to the destructive behavior

Question 44

Mirror Image Perceptions

Answer 44

Mutual of use often held by conflicting people, as when each side she’s itself as ethical and peaceful and abuse the other side is even aggressive

Question 45

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Answer 45

I believe that leads to its own fulfillment

Question 46

Superordinate Goals

Answer 46

Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation

Question 47

GRIT

Answer 47

Graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension reduction, strategy designed to decrease international tensions