Unit 12 Test Flashcards
what is the kinetic molecular theory
it explains the behavior of gases. it offers an explanation of some of the properties of gases
according to the kinetic molecular theory…
all matter consists of tiny particles that are in constant motions, particles in a gas are considered to be small round spheres with an insignificant volume, the motion of gas particles is rapid, constant, and random, and all collisions between gas particles are perfectly elastic
what is the equation for gas pressure
pressure = force/area
gas particles travel in what type of lines
straight lines
what is gas pressure the result of
billions of rapidly moving gas particles colliding with an object
what is atmospheric pressure
the pressure created by the earth’s gravitational pull on the gases in our atmosphere
what is a barometer
a device that is used to measure atmospheric pressure
whats the SI unit of pressure
pascal (Pa)
what is one standar atmosphere (atm)
the atmospheric pressure at sea level
what is dalton’s law of partial pressures
it states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures of each of the individual gases
what is dalton’s law of partial pressures equation
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3……
what are the four big variables of a gas sample
pressure, volume, temperature, and amount
what is the unit for Pressure (P)
atm, mmHg, kPa….
what is the unit for Amount (n)
moles
what is the unit for temperature (T)
Kelvin (K)
what do you add to celcius to make it kelvin
273
what is the relationship between pressure and volume
p1 + v1 = p2 + v2; inverse relationship
what is an inverse relationship
as one goes up the other goes down
what is the relationship between volume and temperature
v1 / t1 = v2 /t2; direct relationship; NEVER REACH 0
what is a direct relationship
when one goes up the other goes up; TEMP CAN GO TO 0, VOLUME CANT
what is the relationship between pressure and temperature
p1 / t1= p2 / t2; direct relationship; BOTH CAN REACH 0
what is the combined gas law
allows us to use the three simple laws by eliminating the variable that is held constant; p1v1 / t1 = p2v2 / t2
what is gay lussacs law
the relationship between pressure and temperature
what is charles law
relationship between volume and temperature
what is boyles law
relationship between pressure and volume
what is avogadro’s law
the relationship between volume and amount of gas
what is the equation for the relationship between volume and amount of gas
v1 / n1 = v2 / n2; direct relationship
ideal gas law equation
PV=nRt
variable for pressure
p
variable for volume
v
variable for number of moles of gas
n
variable for universal gas constant
r
variable for temperature
t
what is the universal gas constant
the relationship between the four variables by assuming an ideal gas
equation(s) for ideal gas law problems
R = 8.313 kPa * L / mol * K
0.0821 atm * L / mol * K
