UNIT 1.2 HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES

Question 1

3 main functions of lymph nodes:

Answer 1

○ Site of lymphocyte proliferation
○ Involved in the initiation of specific immune response to foreign antigens
○ Filter particulate matter, debris and bacteria entering the lymph node via the lymph

Question 2

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is Leukemia

Answer 2

25:1

Question 3

are involved in cell mediated immunity

Answer 3

T cells

Question 4

BONE MARROW CELLULARITY

Aplastic

Answer 4

Few Or No Hscs

Question 5

In _________, there is pancytopenia where all of the counts are decreased

Answer 5

aplastic anemia

Question 6

abnormal hemoglobin production. One of the consequences of these disorders is that they store iron because few hemoglobins are
formed so the iron is not used.

Answer 6

Beta thalassemia and Alpha thalassemia

Question 7

The structure of the lymph node consists of:

Answer 7

• medulla
• cortex
• Paracortex

Question 8

RBC inclusions and abnormal RBC shapes are seen and Culling is
taken over by the liver.

Answer 8

splenectomy

Question 9

if your hematopoietic stem cells would comprise over 70% of the bone marrow

Answer 9

Hypercellularity

Question 10

s the product of hemoglobin degradation

Answer 10

Bilirubin

Question 11

if your adipose cells would comprise
over 70% of the bone marrow

Answer 11

Hypocellularity

Question 12

LIver Contains phagocytic cells known as _________ that act
as a filter for damaged or aged cells in a manner similar to, but less efficient that the phagocytic cells in the spleen

Answer 12

Kupffer cells

Question 13

thymus cortex contains

Answer 13

densely
packed with small lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 14

medulla contains

Answer 14

plasma cells

Question 15

, there is low WBC count but there is an
increase in lymphocytes

Answer 15

viral infection

Question 16

liver cells

Answer 16

Hepatocytes

Question 17

the ratio of marrow cells to fat

Answer 17

CELLULARITY

Question 18

are immature thus it will go to thymus for maturation which are known as T cells

Answer 18

Thymocyte

Question 19

The marrow contains the precursors of:

Answer 19

• Erythroid (RBC)
• leukocyte (WBC)
• platelet precursors

Question 20

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is an infection

Answer 20

6:1

Question 21

Manifestation of lead poisoning in terms of blood cells is increase in number of

Answer 21

basophils (normal 0.5 - 1%)

Question 22

may cause anemia (may be caused by decreased RBCs), leukopenia
(decreased WBCs), or thrombocytopenia or combinations
of these cytopenias.

Answer 22

Hypersplenism (splenomegaly

Question 23

This occurs in conditions where there is increased or ineffective hematopoiesis

Answer 23

hyperplastic

Question 24

Contains the largest collection of lymphocyte and mononuclear phagocytes in the body

Answer 24

SPLEEN

Question 25

Pathologic states that cause hyperplastic include:

Answer 25

- Acute blood loss - Severe chronic anemia (erythropoiesis may increase to the extent that the marrow starts to erode the bone itself) - Malignant disease (red marrow and fatty marrow may be replaced by proliferating abnormal cells)

Question 26

thymus medulla contains

Answer 26

less cellular with a few lymphocytes, macrophages, and epithelial cells

Question 27

Normally if you view a bone marrow smear, it should have 50 % ____________ and 50 % ___________

Answer 27

- hematopoietic stem cells - adipose cells

Question 28

lymphocyte would not produce ______ unless it passed through the thymus

Answer 28

T cells

Question 29

In certain pathologic states the bone marrow can increase its activity to 5-10X its normal rate and replaces the yellow marrow with red marrow

Answer 29

hyperplastic

Question 30

hypoplastic causes:

Answer 30

○ Chemicals ○ Genetics ○ Myeloproliferative disease that replaces hematopoietic tissue with fibrous tissue

Question 31

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is Myeloid hyperplasia

Answer 31

20:1

Question 32

are composed of lymphocytes, macrophages, and a reticular network.

Answer 32

Lymph nodes

Question 33

# BONE MARROW CELLULARITY Normocellular:

Answer 33

30-70% Hscs

Question 34

we should not have excess or insufficient iron. We cannot excrete excess iron, very little is excreted in the urine, that is why we do

Answer 34

Iron recycling

Question 35

It serves as a compartment for the maturation of T lymphocyte into immunocompetent T cells

Answer 35

THYMUS

Question 36

bilirubin is conjugated and transported to the small intestine for eventual excretion

Answer 36

hemoglobin degradation

Question 37

The structure of the thymus consists of:

Answer 37

- cortex - medulla

Question 38

Hepatocytes have many functions, including:

Answer 38

- protein synthesis and degradation - coagulation factor synthesis - carbohydrate and lipid metabolism - drug and toxin clearance - iron recycling and storage - hemoglobin degradation

Question 39

HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES

Answer 39

● Bone marrow ● Liver ● Lymph nodes ● Spleen ● Thymus

Question 40

are measured in serum in the blood which is also detected in the hai

Answer 40

lead

Question 41

normal (Myeloid:erythroid ratio)

Answer 41

2:1 - 4:1(3:1)

Question 42

if there is a lot of excess iron, it is stored as

Answer 42

ferritin

Question 43

spleen Functions in:

Answer 43

- Culling - Pitting - Enforcing close contact of blood borne antigens with lymphocytes and phagocytic cells

Question 44

is formed from blood fluid that escapes into the connective tissue

Answer 44

Lymph

Question 45

is the first to be fully developed during fetal development

Answer 45

thymus

Question 46

phagocytize the entire cell

Answer 46

Culling

Question 47

Everytime our heart beats, blood is pumped all throughout the body and ___ of the plasma exits the blood vessel

Answer 47

3%

Question 48

phagocytize a portion of the cell

Answer 48

Pitting

Question 49

In a normal adult, ½ of the bone marrow is ___________ and ½ is inactive _____________

Answer 49

- hematopoietically active (red marrow) - fatty marrow (yellow marrow)

Question 50

there is reversal of the M:E ratio, there are more red blood cells

Answer 50

Polycythemia vera

Question 51

is the first in line to work in phagocytizing damage, aged, etc

Answer 51

Splenic macrophage

Question 52

Paracortex contains

Answer 52

T lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 53

An increase will lead to Jaundice even if there is no liver disease

Answer 53

Bilirubin

Question 54

# BONE MARROW CELLULARITY Hypercellular/Hyperplastic:

Answer 54

>70% Hscs

Question 55

Located inside the spongy bone

Answer 55

BONE MARROW

Question 56

cortex contains

Answer 56

follicles with B lymphocytes

Question 57

When all three cell types are decreased this is called

Answer 57

pancytopenia

Question 58

primary hematopoietic organ in lymphocyte production aside from the bone marrow

Answer 58

THYMUS

Question 59

are involved in humoral immunit

Answer 59

B cells

Question 60

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is Myeloid hypoplasia

Answer 60

3:20

Question 61

Spleen is a one organ even it is extramedullary but very active in the maintenance of quality of blood cells due to its

Answer 61

filter capacity

Question 62

Vascularized organ (bloody organ

Answer 62

SPLEEN

Question 63

This organ is well developed at birth and increases in size until puberty at which time it starts to decrease in size

Answer 63

THYMUS

Question 64

is the same as plasma although it is outside of the blood.

Answer 64

Lymphatic fluid

Question 65

a consequence of pitting

Answer 65

Bite cell

Question 66

SPLEEN sequestrate what

Answer 66

⅓ of the platelet mass

Question 67

# BONE MARROW CELLULARITY Hypocellular/Hypoplastic

Answer 67

<30 Hsc