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hellma lec > UNIT 1.2 HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES > Flashcards

UNIT 1.2 HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES Flashcards

1
Q

3 main functions of lymph nodes:

A

○ Site of lymphocyte proliferation
○ Involved in the initiation of specific immune response to foreign antigens
○ Filter particulate matter, debris and bacteria entering the lymph node via the lymph

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2
Q

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is Leukemia

A

25:1

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3
Q

are involved in cell mediated immunity

A

T cells

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4
Q

BONE MARROW CELLULARITY

Aplastic

A

Few Or No Hscs

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5
Q

In _________, there is pancytopenia where all of the counts are decreased

A

aplastic anemia

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6
Q

abnormal hemoglobin production. One of the consequences of these disorders is that they store iron because few hemoglobins are
formed so the iron is not used.

A

Beta thalassemia and Alpha thalassemia

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7
Q

The structure of the lymph node consists of:

A
  • medulla
  • cortex
  • Paracortex
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8
Q

RBC inclusions and abnormal RBC shapes are seen and Culling is
taken over by the liver.

A

splenectomy

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9
Q

if your hematopoietic stem cells would comprise over 70% of the bone marrow

A

Hypercellularity

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10
Q

s the product of hemoglobin degradation

A

Bilirubin

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11
Q

if your adipose cells would comprise
over 70% of the bone marrow

A

Hypocellularity

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12
Q

LIver Contains phagocytic cells known as _________ that act
as a filter for damaged or aged cells in a manner similar to, but less efficient that the phagocytic cells in the spleen

A

Kupffer cells

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13
Q

thymus cortex contains

A

densely
packed with small lymphocytes and macrophages

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14
Q

medulla contains

A

plasma cells

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15
Q

, there is low WBC count but there is an
increase in lymphocytes

A

viral infection

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16
Q

liver cells

A

Hepatocytes

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17
Q

the ratio of marrow cells to fat

A

CELLULARITY

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18
Q

are immature thus it will go to thymus for maturation which are known as T cells

A

Thymocyte

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19
Q

The marrow contains the precursors of:

A
  • Erythroid (RBC)
  • leukocyte (WBC)
  • platelet precursors
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20
Q

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is an infection

A

6:1

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21
Q

Manifestation of lead poisoning in terms of blood cells is increase in number of

A

basophils (normal 0.5 - 1%)

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22
Q

may cause anemia (may be caused by decreased RBCs), leukopenia
(decreased WBCs), or thrombocytopenia or combinations
of these cytopenias.

A

Hypersplenism (splenomegaly

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23
Q

This occurs in conditions where there is increased or ineffective hematopoiesis

A

hyperplastic

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24
Q

Contains the largest collection of lymphocyte and mononuclear phagocytes in the body

A

SPLEEN

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25
Q

Pathologic states that cause hyperplastic include:

A
  • Acute blood loss
  • Severe chronic anemia (erythropoiesis may increase to the extent that the marrow starts to erode the bone itself)
  • Malignant disease (red marrow and fatty marrow may be replaced by proliferating abnormal cells)
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26
Q

thymus medulla contains

A

less cellular
with a few lymphocytes, macrophages, and epithelial
cells

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27
Q

Normally if you view a bone marrow smear, it should have 50 % ____________ and 50 % ___________

A
  • hematopoietic stem cells
  • adipose cells
28
Q

lymphocyte would not produce ______ unless it passed
through the thymus

A

T cells

29
Q

In certain pathologic states the bone marrow can increase its activity to 5-10X its normal rate and replaces the yellow marrow with red marrow

A

hyperplastic

30
Q

hypoplastic causes:

A

○ Chemicals
○ Genetics
○ Myeloproliferative disease that replaces hematopoietic tissue with fibrous tissue

31
Q

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is Myeloid hyperplasia

A

20:1

32
Q

are composed of lymphocytes, macrophages, and a
reticular network.

A

Lymph nodes

33
Q

BONE MARROW CELLULARITY

Normocellular:

A

30-70% Hscs

34
Q

we should not have excess or insufficient iron. We cannot excrete excess iron, very little is excreted
in the urine, that is why we do

A

Iron recycling

35
Q

It serves as a compartment for the maturation of T lymphocyte into immunocompetent T cells

A

THYMUS

36
Q

bilirubin is conjugated and
transported to the small intestine for eventual excretion

A

hemoglobin
degradation

37
Q

The structure of the thymus consists of:

A
  • cortex
  • medulla
38
Q

Hepatocytes have many functions, including:

A
  • protein synthesis and degradation
  • coagulation factor synthesis
  • carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
  • drug and toxin clearance
  • iron recycling and storage
  • hemoglobin degradation
39
Q

HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES

A

● Bone marrow
● Liver
● Lymph nodes
● Spleen
● Thymus

40
Q

are measured in serum in the blood which is also
detected in the hai

A

lead

41
Q

normal (Myeloid:erythroid ratio)

A

2:1 - 4:1(3:1)

42
Q

if there is a lot of excess iron, it is stored as

A

ferritin

43
Q

spleen Functions in:

A
  • Culling
  • Pitting
  • Enforcing close contact of blood borne antigens with lymphocytes and phagocytic cells
44
Q

is formed from blood fluid that escapes into the connective tissue

A

Lymph

45
Q

is the first to be fully developed during fetal
development

A

thymus

46
Q

phagocytize the entire cell

A

Culling

47
Q

Everytime our heart beats, blood is
pumped all throughout the body and ___ of the plasma exits the blood vessel

A

3%

48
Q

phagocytize a portion of the cell

A

Pitting

49
Q

In a normal adult, ½ of the bone marrow is ___________ and ½ is inactive _____________

A
  • hematopoietically active (red marrow)
  • fatty marrow (yellow marrow)
50
Q

there is reversal of the M:E
ratio, there are more red blood cells

A

Polycythemia vera

51
Q

is the first in line to work in
phagocytizing damage, aged, etc

A

Splenic macrophage

52
Q

Paracortex contains

A

T lymphocytes and macrophages

53
Q

An increase will lead to Jaundice even if there is no
liver disease

A

Bilirubin

54
Q

BONE MARROW CELLULARITY

Hypercellular/Hyperplastic:

A

> 70% Hscs

55
Q

Located inside the spongy bone

A

BONE MARROW

56
Q

cortex contains

A

follicles with B lymphocytes

57
Q

When all three cell types are
decreased this is called

A

pancytopenia

58
Q

primary hematopoietic organ in lymphocyte production
aside from the bone marrow

A

THYMUS

59
Q

are involved in humoral immunit

A

B cells

60
Q

Myeloid:erythroid ratio if there is Myeloid hypoplasia

A

3:20

61
Q

Spleen is a one organ even it is extramedullary but very active in the maintenance of quality of blood cells due to its

A

filter capacity

62
Q

Vascularized organ (bloody organ

A

SPLEEN

63
Q

This organ is well developed at birth and increases in size until puberty at which time it starts to decrease in size

A

THYMUS

64
Q

is the same as plasma although it is
outside of the blood.

A

Lymphatic fluid

65
Q

a consequence of pitting

A

Bite cell

66
Q

SPLEEN sequestrate what

A

⅓ of the platelet mass

67
Q

BONE MARROW CELLULARITY

Hypocellular/Hypoplastic

A

<30 Hsc

hellma lec (12 decks)

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