Unit 11: Plant Like Protists Flashcards
True or false; Protists are eukaryotes
True
What are the three major clades within the SAR supergroup?
Stramenopiles, alveolates, rhizarians.
Describe the protists found within the diatoms.
- unicellular algae with rigid, glass like walls made of silicon dioxide
- make up a lot of sand!
describe golden algae.
- yellow and brown carotenoids
- mostly groups of unicellular organisms
describe the structure of brown algae. which part of a plant is each structure analogous to? what are some examples of this type of protist?
- holdfast anchors plant; analogous to root
- stripe pulls blades closer to water surface; analogous to stem
- blade captures light energy; analogous to leaf
ex. kelp, giant seaweed
list out the steps of the brown algae life cycle. indicate which structures are haploid and which are diploid.
- cells on surface of the blade of the sporophyte develop into sporangia (2n)
- sporangia produce zoospores (n) by meiosis
- zoospores are all structurally alike, however half divide by meiosis to become male gametophytes, and half divide to become female gametophytes
- male gametophyte releases sperm, being attracted to the egg attached to the female gametophyte by the chemical signals released by egg
- sperm fertilizes eggs
- zygotes grow into new sporophytes while attached to remains of female gametophyte
what is the difference between heteromorphic and isomorphic generations?
hetero - structurally different
iso - structurally similar
Describe the protists found within the dinoflagellates.
- body made of cellulose
- respond very quickly to temp. changes and nutrient changes
- explosive growth results in ride tide which can be toxic in population of dinoflagellates is large enough
which of the 4 supergroups of eukaryotes do land plants belong to?
archaeplastida
what protists found in the archaeplastida is a model system?
chlamydomonas
describe red algae.
- found in archaeplastida
- red due to phycoerythrin
- mostly multicellular
- no flagellate structures in life cycle
- nori is a type of red algae!
describe the cell wall of algae.
- mostly cellulose w some carbs and proteins
- rigid when mature
- permeable to water, gasses, minerals
describe the vacuole of algae.
- regulate water content of the cell
- water moving in exerts outward pressure (turgor pressure
what are pyrenoids?
structures found in the chloroplasts of algae that synthesize starches
list out the steps of the green algae life cycle. indicate which structures are haploid and which are diploid.
- under stress, mature haploid cells develop into gametes (n)
- gametes of different mating types (+/-) fuse together to form zygote (2n)
- after a dormant period, zygote undergoes meiosis to produce 4 haploid cells (2 of each mating type)
- if no stress, mature cell will reabsorb its flagella and undergo 2 rounds of mitosis, forming 4 cells.
- the daughter cells then develop flagella and cell walls and emerge as zoospores (n) from parent cell.
- zoospores develop into mature haploid cells.
7.
which protists that we’ve talked about are stramenopiles?
diatoms, brown and gold algae
which protists that we’ve talked about are alveolates?
dinoflagellates
which protists that we’ve talked about are a part of archaeplastida?
red and green algae
which GROUP of protists is most closely related to land plants (NOT SPECIES)
charophytes
