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AP Psychology > Unit 11: Intelligence > Flashcards

Unit 11: Intelligence Flashcards

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1
Q

the ability to learn from experience, solve problems and use our knowledge to adapt to new situations (in research studies, it’s whatever the intelligence test measures, which has tended to be “school smarts”)

A

intelligence

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2
Q

father of psychometrics and created eugenics, he believed that intelligence was based on genetics; criticism is that he only studied males

A

sir francis galton

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3
Q

the measurement of knowledge and ability by using defined tests

A

psychometrics

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4
Q

(well-born) embraces this core tenet (that intelligence is inherited or the result of nature)

A

eugenics

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5
Q

viewed intelligence as 2 different abilities: general and specific intelligence; used factor analysis

A

charles spearman

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6
Q

ability to reason and solve problems

A

general (g) factor

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7
Q

ability to excel in certain areas

A

specific (s) factor

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8
Q

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score

A

factor analysis

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9
Q

an opponent of spearman; believed intelligence was composed of 7 primary mental abilities

A

thurstone

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10
Q

word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, and memory

A

thurstone 7 mental abilities

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11
Q

believes that intelligence is multiple abilities that come in a package; we do not have AN intelligence, but rather MULTIPLE; studied savant syndrome

A

howard gardner

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12
Q

a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental abilities has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing

A

savant syndrome

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13
Q

generally agrees with gardner; believes that intelligence has 3 basic components: analytic, creative, and practical; most commonly accepted theory

A

robert sternburg

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14
Q

(“book smarts”) the ability to break problems down into component parts, or analysis, for problem solving

A

analytic intelligence

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15
Q

the ability to deal with new and different concepts and to come up with new ways of solving problems

A

creative intelligence

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16
Q

(“street smarts”) the ability to use info to get along in life and become successful

A

practical intelligence

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17
Q

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions; tend to be very self-aware

A

emotional intelligence

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18
Q

a method for assessing an individual’s mental abilities and comparing them with others (using numerical scores)

A

intelligence testing

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19
Q

developed questions that would predict children’s future progress; he hoped the test would be used to improve children’s education and not used to label children; mental age

A

alfred binet

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20
Q

chronological age that typically corresponds to a given level of performance

A

mental age

21
Q

german psychologist that developed the notion of IQ

A

william stern

22
Q

adoped binet’s test for american school children and named the test standford-binet test; longitudinal study of children’s (terman’s termites) IQ

A

lewis terman

23
Q

designed to measure a person’s knowledge of a particular area; ex: unit tests, AP exams

A

achievement tests

24
Q

designed to measure a person’s performance potential; ex: SAT, ACT, MCAT, LSAT

A

aptitude tests

25
Q

american psychologist that developed the WAIS and WISC

A

david wechsler

26
Q

measures overall intelligence in adults and 11 other aspects related to intelligence

A

WAIS

27
Q

measures overall intelligence in children and 11 other aspects related to intelligence

A

WISC

28
Q

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pre-tested group

A

standardization

29
Q

a symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes; most scores fall near the average and fewer scores lie near extremes

A

normal curve (bell curve)

30
Q

the standards against which all others who take the test will be compared; where one individual ranks in relation to others; typically follow a normal curve (in intelligence testing)

A

test norms

31
Q

indicate the percentage of people who score at or below the score one has obtained

A

percentile scores

32
Q

rising average intelligence test performance (schooling has changed)

A

flynn effect

33
Q

the extent to which a test yields consistent results (scores correlate), as assessed by the consistency of scores on 2 halves of the test (split-half reliability), an alternate form of the test or on retesting (test-retest reliability)

A

reliability

34
Q

the extent to which a test measures or predicts what is is supposed to

A

validity

35
Q

the info included on the test measures what it was designed to measure

A

content validity

36
Q

the ability of a test to predict how well a person will do in the future; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior (SAT,ACT)

A

predictive validity

37
Q

how well the test is designed (constructed) to measure the specified theory

A

construct validity

38
Q

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, increases up to old age

A

crystalized intelligence

39
Q

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly tends to decrease during adulthood (slowly at first, more rapidly in late adulthood)

A

fluid intelligence

40
Q

a condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders

A

down syndrome

41
Q

a condition in which a male has a defect in a gene on the X chromosome of the 23rd pair; leads to a deficiency in a protein needed for brain development

A

fraglie x syndrome

42
Q

a developmental delay related to living in poverty; generally produces relatively mild retardation

A

familial retardation

43
Q

membership is open to persons who have attained a score within the upper 2% of the general population on an approved intelligence test that has been properly administered and supervised

A

MENSA

44
Q

can determine only whether genetic influence on a trait is plausible

A

family studies

45
Q

the average correlation for identical twins is +0.86; the average correlation for fraternal twins is +0.60

A

twin studies

46
Q

studies indicate that there is more than a chance similarity between adopted children and their biological parents

A

adoption studies

47
Q

the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes

A

heritability

48
Q

heredity sets certain limits on intelligence and environmental factors determine where individuals fall within these limits

A

reaction-range model

49
Q

is a self-conforming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype

A

stereotype threat

AP Psychology (5 decks)

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