Unit 1 - Theme C

Question 1

Give 2 sedimentary rocks?

Answer 1

Limestone

Sandstone

Question 2

Give 2 metamorphic rocks?

Answer 2

Slate

Marble

Question 3

How is Basalt formed?

Answer 3

Formed when magma gets above ground and cools quickly, forming tiny crystals

Question 4

How is Granite formed?

Answer 4

When magma stays underground and cools very slowly, large crystals are formed

Question 5

Is Granite intrusive or extrusive rock?

Answer 5

Intrusive

Question 6

Is Basalt extrusive or intrusive rock?

Answer 6

Extrusive

Question 7

How is sedimentary rock formed?

Answer 7

When layers of small particles of rock/Dead Sea creatures are squeezed together under the sea to form rock

Question 8

How is Metamorphic rock formed?

Answer 8

These are formed from other rocks undergoing either heat or pressure.

Question 9

How is marble formed?

Answer 9

When limestone is put under immense pressure

Question 10

How is slate formed?

Answer 10

When mudstone goes under incredible heat

Question 11

Give 2 characteristics of Basalt?

Answer 11

Dark grey / black

Glittery

Question 12

Give 2 characteristics of Granite?

Answer 12

Speckled grey/ white

Very hard

Question 13

Give 2 characteristics of limestone?

Answer 13

White / yellow

May have fossils

Question 14

Give 2 characteristics of sandstone?

Answer 14

Yellow / orange

Grains of sand visible

Question 15

Give 2 characteristics of slate?

Answer 15

Dark grey

Smooth

Question 16

Give 2 characteristics of marble?

Answer 16

White

Can be highly polished for floors

Question 17

What 3 landforms can be formed at constructive plate margins?

Answer 17

• Volcanoes
• Mid Oceanic Ridge
• Rift Valleys

Question 18

What 3 landforms can be formed at Collision plate boundaries?

Answer 18

• Fold mountains
• Batholiths
• Granite Cores

Question 19

What 3 landforms can be formed at destructive margins?

Answer 19

• ocean trenches
• volcanoes
• fold mountains

Question 20

Give an example of Basalt Columns in Ireland?

Answer 20

Giants Causeway

Question 21

Give an example of a lava plateau in Ireland?

Answer 21

Antrim plateau

Question 22

Give an example of a volcanic plug in Ireland?

Answer 22

Slemish mountain

Question 23

How did the basaltic columns in Giants Causeway form?

Answer 23

Lava erupted out of large fissures and filled a deep valley. This caused it to cool very slowly and evenly. As it cooled, it contracted to create an even cracking pattern which resulted in the almost perfect hexagonal shapes

Question 24

How did the lava plateau in Antrim form?

Answer 24

Lava erupted out of long fissures and covered around 3900km2 in NE of Northern Ireland. This cooled and condensed very quickly and formed a plateau of basalt

Question 25

How did the volcanic plug in Slemish mountain form?

Answer 25

Magma hardens inside the vent of a volcano. It forms dolerite which is harder than the surrounding flanks of the volcano, so over time the plug is exposed through erosion

Question 26

Give 2 igneous rocks?

Answer 26

Basalt | Granite

Question 27

What is Liquefaction and how does it occur?

Answer 27

Liquefaction is when water rises to the surface, turning solid soil in to liquid mud. This occurs due to an earthquake shaking wet soil

Question 28

What is a tsunami and how does it occur?

Answer 28

A large wave of seawater that can be extraordinarily tall and travel for thousands of miles. They are normally caused by underwater earthquakes