UNIT 1 -sac 1 - mental health

Question 1

What are the 6 approaches to normality?

Answer 1

• situational
• societal and cultural
• histroical
• statistocal
• functonal
• medical

Question 2

Define normal behaviour

Answer 2

Behaviour is considered normal if it helps a person to assimilate appropriately into their society or culture.

Question 3

Define abnormal or atypical behaviour?

Answer 3

Behaviour is considered abnormal or atypical if it goes against societal and cultural norms, and it out of the ordinary

Question 4

What is maladaptive behaviour?

Answer 4

Behaviours that are unhelpful and impair an individuals functioning

Question 5

What is adaptive behaviour?

Answer 5

Behaviours that enable a person to operate in their community, attend school and relate with other

Question 6

What are the 6 approaches to normality?

Answer 6

• situational
• societal and cultural
• historical
• statistical
• functional
• medical

Question 7

Explain the approach to defining normality: situational

Answer 7

Is it normal for a specific situation or context?

Question 8

Explain the approach to defining normality: societal and cultural

Answer 8

Is it normal within the society or culture?

Question 9

Explain the approach to defining normality: historical

Answer 9

Was it normal in the past compared with today or even the future?

Question 10

Explain the approach to defining normality: statistical

Answer 10

Is it normal in terms of statistics?

Question 11

Explain the approach to defining normality: functioning

Answer 11

Is it normal in terms of being able to function independently?

Question 12

Explain the approach to defining normality: medical

Answer 12

Is there something medically wrong?

Question 13

Define mental health

Answer 13

A state of emotional and social wellbeing in which individuals realise their own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and can contribute to their community

Question 14

Define mental illness

Answer 14

A mental disorder that affects one or more functions of the mind. A mental illness can interfere with a persons thoughts, emotions, perceptions and behaviours

Question 15

What is the mental health continuum?

Answer 15

A model on which a person can move from being mentally healthy, to reacting, to injured and then to mental disorder. A person can move up and down the continuum

Question 16

How is mental illness diagnosed?

Answer 16

Psychologists and mental health professionals use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM) to help with diagnosis. The current edition is the DSM-5.

Question 17

What is the aim of the rosenhan study?

Answer 17

David Rosehan wanted to test the reliability of mental health, to see if medical professionals could tell the sane from the insane in a clinical setting. He also wanted to investigate the effect of labeling on medical diagnosis.

Question 18

What was the procedure of the rosenhan study?

Answer 18

• eight pseudopatients went to clinical interviews to report their symptoms
• they reported that they heard an unfamiliar voice repeating the words “empty”, “hollow” and “thud.”
• When they were admitted to a hospital, they started behaving normally and stopped reporting hearing voices. They took a notepad and pen along with them to record what they heard and saw (unstructured observation). They tried to do this covertly, but if the staff detected them they carried on recording things overtly.

Question 19

What were the results of the rosenhan study?

Answer 19

• all 12 hospitals diagnosed the pseudopatients as mentally ill. 11 hospitals diagnosed schizophrenia and one diagnosed manic depressions
• None of the staff recognised that the pseudopatients were healthy. It took between 7 and 52 days for the pseudopatients to be discharged; the mean length of stay was 19 days.

Question 20

What is the two-hit hypothesis

Answer 20

the two hit hypotheses model provides a framework to explain the relationship between the genetic and environmental risk factors associated with schizophrenia and other disorders

Question 21

What are the internal factors involved in mental health?

Answer 21

Refers to an individuals

• personality
• emotions
• intelligence
• self-esteem
• physical health

Question 22

What are the external factors involved in mental health?

Answer 22

Refers to influences that originate from the persons environment such as:

• family
• school
• friends
• work
• social
• cultural
• religious
• education
• employment
• socio- economic status

Question 23

Explain schizophrenia

Answer 23

Is a mental illness in which an individual suffers severe disturbances in thinking, emotions and behaviour. Sufferers can have problems communicating and withdraw from social contact and reality, often into a world of delusions and hallucinations. The onset of schizophrenia is adolescence and young adulthood.