UNIT 1 -sac 1 - mental health Flashcards
What are the 6 approaches to normality?
- situational
- societal and cultural
- histroical
- statistocal
- functonal
- medical
Define normal behaviour
Behaviour is considered normal if it helps a person to assimilate appropriately into their society or culture.
Define abnormal or atypical behaviour?
Behaviour is considered abnormal or atypical if it goes against societal and cultural norms, and it out of the ordinary
What is maladaptive behaviour?
Behaviours that are unhelpful and impair an individuals functioning
What is adaptive behaviour?
Behaviours that enable a person to operate in their community, attend school and relate with other
What are the 6 approaches to normality?
- situational
- societal and cultural
- historical
- statistical
- functional
- medical
Explain the approach to defining normality: situational
Is it normal for a specific situation or context?
Explain the approach to defining normality: societal and cultural
Is it normal within the society or culture?
Explain the approach to defining normality: historical
Was it normal in the past compared with today or even the future?
Explain the approach to defining normality: statistical
Is it normal in terms of statistics?
Explain the approach to defining normality: functioning
Is it normal in terms of being able to function independently?
Explain the approach to defining normality: medical
Is there something medically wrong?
Define mental health
A state of emotional and social wellbeing in which individuals realise their own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and can contribute to their community
Define mental illness
A mental disorder that affects one or more functions of the mind. A mental illness can interfere with a persons thoughts, emotions, perceptions and behaviours
What is the mental health continuum?
A model on which a person can move from being mentally healthy, to reacting, to injured and then to mental disorder. A person can move up and down the continuum
How is mental illness diagnosed?
Psychologists and mental health professionals use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM) to help with diagnosis. The current edition is the DSM-5.
What is the aim of the rosenhan study?
David Rosehan wanted to test the reliability of mental health, to see if medical professionals could tell the sane from the insane in a clinical setting. He also wanted to investigate the effect of labeling on medical diagnosis.
What was the procedure of the rosenhan study?
- eight pseudopatients went to clinical interviews to report their symptoms
- they reported that they heard an unfamiliar voice repeating the words “empty”, “hollow” and “thud.”
- When they were admitted to a hospital, they started behaving normally and stopped reporting hearing voices. They took a notepad and pen along with them to record what they heard and saw (unstructured observation). They tried to do this covertly, but if the staff detected them they carried on recording things overtly.
What were the results of the rosenhan study?
- all 12 hospitals diagnosed the pseudopatients as mentally ill. 11 hospitals diagnosed schizophrenia and one diagnosed manic depressions
- None of the staff recognised that the pseudopatients were healthy. It took between 7 and 52 days for the pseudopatients to be discharged; the mean length of stay was 19 days.
What is the two-hit hypothesis
the two hit hypotheses model provides a framework to explain the relationship between the genetic and environmental risk factors associated with schizophrenia and other disorders
What are the internal factors involved in mental health?
Refers to an individuals
- personality
- emotions
- intelligence
- self-esteem
- physical health
What are the external factors involved in mental health?
Refers to influences that originate from the persons environment such as:
- family
- school
- friends
- work
- social
- cultural
- religious
- education
- employment
- socio- economic status
Explain schizophrenia
Is a mental illness in which an individual suffers severe disturbances in thinking, emotions and behaviour. Sufferers can have problems communicating and withdraw from social contact and reality, often into a world of delusions and hallucinations. The onset of schizophrenia is adolescence and young adulthood.
