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GCSE- Geography > Unit 1- Rivers > Flashcards

Unit 1- Rivers Flashcards

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1
Q

What and where is a river provided?

A

The source (upland)

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2
Q

Small river that later joins a larger river

A

Tributary

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3
Q

Rivers meet?

A

confluence

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4
Q

What is a tributary?

A
  • Land around river
  • Water (rain) flows/ is drained by that river
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5
Q

What is a watershed?

A

-Highest point of land surrounding river
- all water (gravity and rain) flows towards this river

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6
Q

4 types of fluival erosion

A

Hydraulic action
Abraision
Attrition
Solution

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7
Q

What is hydraulic action?

A

Rapid high energy water hits rock and is pushed inside gaps of rock
therefore erodes itt

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8
Q

What is abraision?

A
  • Rocks hit other rocks
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9
Q

What is attrition?

A

-Rocks scrape along bed

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10
Q

What is solution?

A

Rocks (limestone) dissolve

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11
Q

x4

Transportation?

A

-Traction
-Saltation
-Solution
-Suspension

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12
Q

What is traction?

A

Large rocks roll across floor

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13
Q

What is saltation?

A

-Rocks bounce against other rocks

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14
Q

What is solution?

A

-dissolved materials flow with water

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15
Q

What is suspension?

A
  • Small rocks held high in water and flow with water
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16
Q

What and when does depostion happen?

A
  • Sediment discarded by water
  • Water low energy / slow
17
Q

How is a v-shaped valley formed?

A
  • Weathering cuases top corners to erode
  • Sediment falls into river
  • cuases a v shape to form
18
Q

How is a waterfall formed?

A
  • Layer of hard rock above soft rock
  • Soft rock eroded backwards —> plunge pool
  • Hard rock above collapses

forms a backwards pathway

19
Q

How is a gorge formed?

A
  • Waterfall continuously created
  • Backwards pathway

(land retreats/ slowly erroded backwards)

20
Q

How is an Ox-Bow lake formed?

A
  • Thalweg of water moves around hard rock/ erodes a slight bend
  • Cuases slow water to move near hard rock and deposit material —-> slip of slope
  • Larger bend made due to hyadralic action and abraision —–> meander
  • Hard rock in corners eventually erode—–> straight river
  • Water travels stright cutting off curve
  • Curve cut of becomes and ox-bow lake
21
Q

How is an inter-locking spur formed?

A

-Thalweg of water erodes sofdter rock
-Cuases curves/bends

GCSE- Geography (7 decks)

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