Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE- Geography > Unit 1- Floods > Flashcards

Unit 1- Floods Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards U.S. Geography flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

x6

Where is water stored?

A

-Atmoshpere
-Vegitation
-Ground surface
-Soil
-Rocks
-Rivers/lakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is infiltration?

A

Water flows into soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is throughflow?

A

Water flows in soil underground due to gravuty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is overland flow/surface run-off?

A

water flowing on surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Wha is groundwater flow?

A

Water flowing in bedrock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is precolation?

A

Water flows deeper into soil/ to bedrock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is interception?

A

Water stopped/slowed by branches/canopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a flash flood?

A

-High rainfall in short time
-sudden rise in water levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does a hydrograph show?

A

-River discharge over a period of a flood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the tall/steep line and the gradual decrease line on a hydrograph called?

A

-Rising limb
-Falling limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What cuases the lag time?

A

-Slow water movement into river
-Groundflow/Throughflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

x3

Why do rivers flood (human)?

A

-Urbanisation (impermeable surfaces)
-Frozen or baked soil (impermeable)
-Afforestation (decreases lag time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Soft engineering?

A
  • Natural appraoch to maintenance
  • Does not include artificial builings
  • Often cheaper
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

x5

Soft engineering for rivers?

A

Washlands
Afforestation
River restoration
Flood plain zoning
Do nothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Hard engineering?

A

-Artificial builing
-Often more expensive
-Often better results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

x4

Hard engineering for rivers?

A

Flood relief channels
Channelisation
Building dams/ reservoirs
Embankments

17
Q

What and why is doing nothing good a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
Letting the river flood naturally
POSITIVE:
-Deposition makes fertile soil
NEGATIVE:
-Can be damaging

18
Q

What and why is afforestation a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
Vegetating/ planting trees around a river
POSITIVE:
-More interception and therefore less discharge
-Less soil erosion
-Low cost
NEGATIVE:
-Takes time for trees to grow
-Disrupts hydrobiological cycle

19
Q

What and why is washlands a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
An area of land where water can flow into if there is a flood
POSITIVE:
-Slows flooding
-Creates fertile soil
NEGATIVE:
-Limmits land use in some areas ( as it will flood)

20
Q

What and why is river restoration a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
Restores a rivers biodiversity in hopes it will prevent flooding.
POSITIVE:
- Natural
- Sightly
NEGATIVE:
- Flooding may still occur
- Changes to land could be negative

21
Q

What and why is river **flood plain zoning **a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
The government stops building on places with flood risk
POSITIVE:
- Prevents damage to buildings in flooding
- Flooding isn’t costly as buildings aren’t destroyed
NEGATIVE:
- Not possible in already established cities

22
Q

What and why are flood relief channels a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
A channel is built next to a river to contain the extra discharge when floods occur.
POSITIVE:
-Prevents overflow
NEGATIVE:
- Costly
-Unsightly
- Often unused ( floods aren’t that common)

23
Q

What and why are flood is channelisation a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
River course is deepened and straightened
POSITIVE:
-Allows room for more discharge
NEGATIVE:
- Causes flooding downstream instead
- Costly
- Erosion downstream due to more water

24
Q

What and why is building dams and reservoirs a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
Structures (walls) are built to hold water e.g in artificial lakes
POSITIVE:
-Store water
-Can be used for hydroelectricity and drinking water
NEGATIVE:
-Expensive
-Unsightly
-Floods can still occur

25
Q

What and why are embankments a positive and negative management for flooding?

A

DESCRIPTION:
Artificially enlarging leeves to raise banks
POSITIVE:
-Can be natural
-Channel holds more water
NEGATIVE:
-Expensive
-If broken, more water will flood than before, causing worse impacts.

GCSE- Geography (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions