Unit 1 Review Flashcards
What is active transport?
When molecules move against their concentration gradient to transport across the cell membrane. Energy is required!
What is the photosynthesis equation?
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight = C6 H12 O6 +6O2
What is a substrate?
It is what binds to the active site. It can also be known as the “lock”
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by reducing the amount of energy required to start one
What is a monomer?
The building block of a macromolecule
What does hypertonic mean?
The cell will shrivel up and die because the solute concentration inside is less than the solute concentration outside.
What does hypotonic mean?
The cell will swell up, explode, and die because the solute concentration inside is greater than the solute concentration outside
What does precursor mean?
Precursor is positive feedback that starts a process. The output enhances the original stimulus
What is diffusion?
The natural movement of molecules/ions from an area of high concentration to a low concentration. (Smell of bacon)
What is the final result of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
ATP, O2 & NADPH
What does the photosynthesis equation begin with?
6CO2, 6H2O & sunlight
What is an anabolic reaction?
this is when simple molecules are combined to form more complex compounds through dehydration synthesis
What are macromolecules?
Large complex organic molecules. These include Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins & Nucleic Acids
Where does cellular respiration occur?
The mitochondria
What does allosteric mean?
Allosteric is negative feedback that stops a process
What is passive transport?
When the cell membrane is selectively permeable and allows some molecules to pass through. These molecules flow along the concentration gradient
Where does photosynthesis occur?
In the stroma and partly in the thylakoid membranes
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of a solvent across a semi-permeable membrane. No energy is required
What is facilitated diffusion?
When substances can pass through the cell membrane without assistance
What is a catabolic reaction?
This is when complex compounds are broken down into simple molecules through hydrolysis
What is the cellular respiration equation?
C6 + H12 +O6 = 6Co2 +6H2O + energy
What is metabolism?
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the cell
What does isotonic mean?
There is no water movement. The cell will not change shape.
What is an active site?
An active site of protein that the “key” (substrate) binds to
