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Product Design > unit 1 Papers and Boards > Flashcards

unit 1 Papers and Boards Flashcards

1
Q

What is paper made from?

A

Cellulose fibres from plants

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2
Q

What are the sources of Cellulose fibres?

A

flax, hemp, straw, cotton, bamboo, wood

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3
Q

What does the best cellulose fibres come from?

A

Wood due too quality of the fibres length and strength.

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4
Q

What goes into making paper?

A

chipped wood
acetic acid
fillers
brightening agent
lots of water

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5
Q

How to get wood free pulp?

A

the solution is heated to 140 degrees which produces a fibrous liquid known as pulp. The water is filtered then reused.

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6
Q

What are paper qualities?

A

Whiteness
Opacity
Strength
Absorbency
Finish
Cost

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7
Q

What are the five ingredients of paper that can be tweaked?

A

source of cellulose fibres
fillers that smooth the finish
sizing agents
calendaring process
additional finishes

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8
Q

What are sizing agents?

A

Chemicals added to the pulp to reduce absorbency

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9
Q

What is internal sizing?

A

added to the pulp and affects papers quality and the papers ability to run smoothly through machines

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10
Q

What is surface sizing?

A

added to improve strength, reduce absorbency and improves print ability

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11
Q

What are the two main coating finishes

A

Clay
Polyethylene

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12
Q

What does coated paper do?

A

reduce ink absorption

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13
Q

What is uncoated paper?

A

not treated with any sealant and allows fast absorption of water or ink.

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14
Q

What are the names of paper and board finishes?

A

Matte
Satin
Gloss
Felt
Textures

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15
Q

What does a matte finish do?

A

smooth, dull in appearance and good for any high quality print job

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16
Q

What does a satin finish do?

A

low reflective levels than gloss paper but more than matte paper

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17
Q

What does a gloss finish do?

A

a shiny higher quality coated paper

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18
Q

What does Felt, wove and velum finishes do?

A

smooth textures

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19
Q

What is the elmendorf tear test?

A

It calculates how much force is used to CONTINUE a tear in sample

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20
Q

What is another way to measure the strength of paper and boards?

A

subject them to an impact force

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21
Q

What is die cutting?

A

paper and board can be cut, scored, perforated and creased in one action with a die cutter

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22
Q

How does a die cutter work?

A

metal rules or blades are embedded in the desired shape in the laser cut plywood form

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23
Q

What is creasing?

A

Make a line that is permanently present after material has been creased

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24
Q

What is folding?

A

to create a shape

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25
Q

What is scoring?

A

the same process as cutting but the blade doesn’t go all the way through the material

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26
Q

What are perforations?

A

Small cuts in paper to allow for portions to be folded or torn off with accuracy

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27
Q

What are the tools used for cutting and scoring?

A

Safety rule
cutting mat
scalpel for cutting
blunt edge knife

28
Q

What is the process used to make shapes in, or out of cards and boards called?

A

die cutting

29
Q

What are the advantages of using die cutting?

A

quicker per item, cheap running costs, sharper cuts, all the same consistency

30
Q

How is papers weight measured?

A

grams per square meter

31
Q

What are paper based materials that weigh more that 220gsm classified as?

A

boards

32
Q

What is board measured in?

A

microns

33
Q

What are the three series of paper sizes?

A

A, B or C

34
Q

What is A series of paper used for?

A

standard trimmed paper stock

35
Q

What are the B series used for?

A

alternative sizes often used in industry

36
Q

What are the C series used for?

A

envelopes

37
Q

What are commercial untrimmed sizes of paper?

A

RA series being 105% of A series
SAR series being 115% of A series

38
Q

What is corrugated card?

A

one or two flat outer layers, and a corrugated medium

39
Q

What are the properties of corrugated card?

A

flexible, good strength
Shock absorbing, light weight, good for packing

40
Q

What are the different corrugated or fluted boards like?

A

single wall: 3000 - 5000
double wall 6000 - 10000
triple wall 12000 - 15000

41
Q

What makes a good package?

A

The outer layer can be printed on
Readily available in different sizes
fully recyclable
cheap

42
Q

What is tracing paper?

A

good for overlaying or transferring images
relatively hard and strong
usually around 40-120
acid is used to treat paper

43
Q

What are the properties of layout paper?

A

off white colour
not as strong as tracing
good for tracing ideas
often used in a sketch pad
takes pencil well

44
Q

What are the properties of bleed proof paper?

A

It does not allow ink or solvent based pens to bleed
70gsm

45
Q

What are the properties of cartridge paper?

A

takes various drawing media well
slightly textured finish

46
Q

What are the properties of water colour paper?

A

Absorbent
with stand large amounts of water
matte finish

47
Q

What are the three types of photo paper?

A

Inkjet paper
Laser paper
Photographic paper

48
Q

What are the properties of inkjet paper?

A

has non-porous surface so image stays sharp

49
Q

What are the properties of laser paper?

A

has surface coating designed to permit the plastic particles in toner to melt and bond onto the surface of the paper

50
Q

What are the photographic paper properties?

A

has a photosensitive coating, reacts to light and the image develops over short time

51
Q

What are mount board properties?

A

structurally strong
available in wide range of colours
normally has a white core
good making final models

52
Q

What are bleached card properties?

A

Used for packaging and greeting cards
holds print well

53
Q

What are duplex board properties?

A

The top layer is normally white
It is food safe
it folds cuts and prints well

54
Q

What are the properties of foil backed and laminated card?

A

Foil create and impermeable layer of protection
Polyethylene is uses as a food safe liner

55
Q

What are Tetra-Paks six layers?

A

74% paperboard
22% polyethylene
4% aluminium foil

56
Q

What are the benefits of Tetra-Pak?

A

Perfect for storage of liquid foods and beverages
Foil layer insulates and protects
Contents remain sterile for a long time

57
Q

What are the properties metal effect card?

A

matte and shiny gloss tones
laminated versions

58
Q

What are the properties of molded paper pulp?

A

Economical
limited print ability

59
Q

List the suitability of producing vehicle signage using a digital printed image

A

Full colour
Large format
Costly
Limited UV resistance

60
Q

List the suitability of producing vehicle signage using a plotter cut vinyl

A

Limited range of colours
Only simple text
good resistance to UV light
Can be scaled without loosing quality

61
Q

What is the construction of a foam board?

A

made with a polystyrene foam core and a kraft paper facing liners.

62
Q

Why is foam board is a suitable material for the manufacture of an architectural model

A

lightweight material
easily cut

63
Q

Discuss the environmental issues of using embossing as a chosen print finish

A

can be easily recycled
can be on FSC certified papers, card

64
Q

Describe the process of die cutting

A

a steel cutter blades is folded and shaped into the profile or shape

65
Q

The environmental impact of cardboard

A

100% recycled material
Trees used for corrugated cardboard
Water and air pollution is greater when producing cardboard

66
Q
A

Product Design (6 decks)

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