Unit 1 - Nature and Scope Flashcards
It means study of
Logos
Considered as the father of psychology. He is the first person to put into writing his explanation pertaining to the behavior of man. He introduced the three functions of human soul and according to his belief the brain is merely a gland and would perform minor functions
Aristotle
Pertains to the actions that is within one’s awareness
Conscious
Proposed that psychology should separate from philosophy and should be treated as a natural science
Francis Bacon
The application of the principles of biology to the study of mental processes and behavior
Bio-Psychology
He is responsible for making psychology as a science
Johann Friedrich Herbart
He is recognized as the father of behavioral genetics and introduced the idea of individual differences.
Francis Galton
Studied how the mind affects what people do. It stressed the importance of functional adjustment of an organism to his environment
Functionalism
This branch of psychology is focused on the patterns of thoughts, feelings and behavior that makes a person unique
Personality Psychology
Psychologists study the brain and the hormonal system and their effects on heredity and psychological functions.
Psychobiological Perspective
He developed the idea of structuralism
Edward Titchener
Enumerate the seven (7) school of psychology
- Structuralism
- Functionalism
- Gestalt
- Cognitive Psychology
- Humanistic
- Psychoanalysis
- Behaviorism
A branch of medicine which involves the surgical severing and chemical alterations of brain fibers with the purpose of modifying psychological disturbances and other behavior aberrations
Psychosurgery
The study of neural mechanism of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiment
Physiological Psychology
Theorized the relation of temperament to physiological factors
Galen
It is the gods and spirits who were attributed to e direct cause of events and activities of man
Animism
Adheres to the belief that psychology should focus on overt observable behavior and its relationship to an event that can be predicted and measured objectively
Behavioral Perspective
Those action done automatically
Involuntary
Seeks to explain and understand social behavior.
Social Psychology
Enumerate the three (3) elements of human psyche
- Element of reason
- Spirited element
- Element of bodily appetites
and desires
It was based on the theory that behavior is determined by powerful inner forces
Psychoanalysis
Enumerate the five (5) types of behavior
- Covert and Overt
- Conscious, Unconscious and
Nonconscious - Voluntary and Involuntary
- Simple and Complex
- Rational and Irrational
List the seven (7) theoretical perspective
- Evolutionary Perspective
- Psychodynamic Psychology
- Behavioral Perspective
- Cognitive Perspective
- Humanistic Perspective
- Psychobiological Perspective
- Neuropsychological
Perspective
He was the father of psychoanalysis and developed the psychoanalytic process of free association
Sigmund Freud
Considered as the third force because it is the first significant alterative to the psychoanalytic and behavioral perspectives in understanding human behavior.
Humanistic Perspective
He introduced dualism and reflex action which indicates that the mind and body interact
Rene Descartes
Theorized that the human mind is composed of atoms which penetrates in and out of our system
Democritus
Believed that an individual’s behavior is primarily determined by his perception of the world around him. Individuals are not solely the product of their environment and are internally motivated to fulfill their human potential.
Humanistic
It means soul and mind
Psyche
A theoretical perspective that focuses on the realms of human perception, thought and memory.
Cognitive Psychology
It helps psychologists to organize their scientific findings to link and connect them to theories as they seek for further research direction.
Theoretical Perspective
Enumerate the three (3) functions of human soul
- Appetitive
- Vegetative
- Rational
Freud advanced that much of what a person thinks and does is motivated by inner forces in the subconscious level of the mind over which the person has no control. All forms of maladjustments and emotional conflicts in adult life are traceable to traumatic psychic experiences in childhood which are outside the person’s conscious awareness.
Psychodynamic Perspective
He reiterated that not all people could be hypnotized but instead they could be psycho-analyzed. He developed psychoanalysis as a form of psychotherapy
Freud
He identified the four lines of history and filiations of Philippine psychology
Zues Salazar
He stated that the “mind is not blank but rather the mind is capable of acquiring knowledge through sensory experience”
Immanuel Kant
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Psychology
List the nine (9) method of research
- Controlled experiments
- Animal studies
- Qualitative and descriptive research
- Survey questionnaires
- Longitudinal studies
- Neuropsychological methods
- Computational modeling
- Correlational method
- Indigenous research method
A branch of medicine which exists to study, prevent and treat mental disorders in humans
Psychiatry
The branch of psychology that looks at the development throughout the lifespan.
Development Psychology
He regarded as the father of modern/scientific psychology. He established the first psychological laboratory in Germany.
Wilhelm Wundt
The first school of thought; and introduced ideas associated with experiences. It believes in the importance of the structure of the mind. It is primarily used the method called introspection
Structuralism
Is manifested through an action which is in the realm of sanity and adequate reason
Rational
Pertains to the application of specialized psychological methods to the treatment of diagnosed mental disorders or to the problems of a person’s daily adjustment.
Psychotheraphy
Bodily activities which may be detected by instruments and apparatus
Nonconscious
He stated that all experience may be analyzed
John Locke
Father of Educational Psychology
Edward Thorndike
He recognized the first systematic psychometrician and known as the father of classical test theory
Charles Spearman
The behaviorist stressed the importance of the environment in shaping an individual’s behavior. They realized that human behavior could also be changed by conditioning.
Behaviorism
Enumerate the four (4) types of temperament
- Sanguine (yellow bile)
- Phlegmatic (green bile)
- Melancholic (black bile)
- Choleric (red bile)
He introduced behaviorism in 1913
John B. Watson
It is a blank tablet that gathers its contents through experiences that an individual will have in his entire life
Tabula Rasa
He often attributed the initial use of the term “psychology” to his writing
Rudolf Gockel
He utilized the method of a “animal magnetism” in curing hysteria
Franz Anton Mesmer
Grew from a combination of gestalt psychology and behavioral psychology. It focuses on how a person knows, understands and thinks about the world around him
Cognitive Perspective
He combined the Greek Platonic thought with Christian thinking and introduced the method of introspection where the individual tries to describe his own conscious processes.
St. Augustine of Hippo
It utilizes fewer neurons
Simple
It refers to the action and reaction of the individual when exposed or placed on a certain situation or environment
Behavior
He developed his theory of the origin of neurosis. He gave emphasis on the importance of the collective unconscious as the basis of affect to behavior
Carl Jung
Name the four (4) lines of history and filiations of Philippine psychology
- Academic-scientific psychology
- Academic-philosophical
psychology - Ethnic or indigenous
psychology - Psycho-medical psychology
The branch of psychology that utilizes scientific methods to research of brain and behavior.
Experimental Psychology
Enumerate the five (5) aims and goals of Psychology
- Describe
- Understand
- Predict
- Control
- Explain
As compared to the mount of neurons used in
Complex
Developed as a reaction against structuralism. It means to configure or to form a pattern
Gestalt
Is done with the person’s full will and discretion
Voluntary
He merged Aristotle’s idea that the mind is a living matter to his idea of immortality
St. Thomas Aquinas
He conceptualized the importance of superiority and inferiority as a factor that affects man’s existence
Alfred Adler
Studies the behavior of different animal species to understand how the evolutionary past is connected to what is going on in the modern man’s brain.
Evolutionary Perspective
The branch of psychology that focuses on internal states such as motivation, problem solving, decision-making, thinking and attention
Cognitive Psychology
The branch of psychology that focused on the study of how the brain influences behavior. Also called physiological psychology, behavioral neuroscience and psychobiolog
Bio-Psychology
Are those actions done by an individual yet is not aware of doing so
Unconscious
Is an organized explanation of certain phenomena believed by groups of people supporting the principle
School of Thought
He developed the first intelligence quotient test
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon
List the eight (8) Psychology and other sciences
- Bio-Psychology
- Physiological Psychology
- Psychiatry
- Psychotherapy
- Psychotropics
- Psychosurgery
- Social Psychology
- Psycholinguistic or Psychology
of language
Focuses on how behavior and mental processes relate to changes in the brain and nervous system
Neuropsychological Perspective
Name the ten (10) major branches of psychology
- Abnormal Psychology
- Behavioral Psychology
- Bio-Psychology
- Cognitive Psychology
- Comparative Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Experimental Psychology
- Personality Psychology
- Social Psychology
The branch of psychology concerned with schools, teaching psychology, educational issues and students concerns
Educational Psychology
Also known as behaviorism
Behavioral Psychology
What are the three (3) steps in scientific method
- Formulating the problem or purpose of the study.
- Developing a conceptual or theoretical framework and hypotheses on the specific phenomenon to be studied.
- Gathering pieces of evidence that either support or refute the research framework.
A subfield of medicine that deals with the various pharmacological agents utilized to affect behavior, mood and feelings.
Psychotropics
The study of psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use and understand language.
Psycholinguistic or Psychology of Language
Pertains to the action which are done without any apparent reason and explanation
Irrational
A behavior which is observable and can manifested outwardly
Overt
The branch of psychology concerned with the study of animal behavior
Comparative Pyschology
The branch of psychology that looks at psychopathology and abnormal behavior
Abnormal Psychology
First to formally describe bipolar disorder and coined the term “manic depressive”
Emil Kraeplin
A behavior of which action is not directly visible
Covert
It came from the Greek word “psyche” and “logos”
Psychology
Merged the discipline of sociology and anthropology together with the basic premise about the common concern of psychology
Social Psychology
The father of medicine. First theorized that mental disorders arose from natural causes. He was the first to classify different mental disorders during the classical period.
Hippocrates
He was the founder of American Psychology. The most renowned proponent of the scientific basis in the study of human behavior
Willian James
He believed that the soul is distinct to man and it is God-given
Plato
