Unit 1: Molecules and Metabolism Flashcards
What is the definition of physiology?
the study of the normal functioning of a living organism and its component parts, including all of is chemical and physical processes
What are the levels of organization in order?
atoms-> molecules -> cells-> tissues -> organs -> organ systems-> organisms-> populations of one species-> ecosystem of different species -> biosphere
What is a cell?
- smallest unit capable of carrying out\ all life processes
- separated by environment by semi-permeable membrane
What is a tissue?
- a grouping of specialized cells that carry out related functions
what are structural and functional units composed of specific types of tissues called?
organs
Groups of organs with integrated functions are called what?
organ systems
How many organ systems does the human body have?
10: integumentary, immune, musculoskeletal endocrine, respiratory, circulatory, nervous, digestive, urinary, reproductive
what is the definition of homeostasis?
maintaining a similar function
T or F: body can be in homeostasis without being in equilibrium
true
What is equilibrium?
absolute balance, implies that the composition of the body compartments are identical
what is the extracellular fluid?
- surrounds the body’s cells
- relatively constant in composition
- dynamic steady state
- slight changes in ECF will lead to compensation by the body
- dig changes in the ECF can lead to cell death and/or malfunction
What are the steps in a control system?
1) stimulus: variable moving out of desired range
2) stimulus activates sensor
3) sensor send signal to intergrating centre
4) integrating centre evaluates signal and if necessary sends out output signal
5) target receives output signal and responds
6) stimulus is eliminated
what is acclimatization? Acclimation?
acclimatization: naturally occurring adaptation
acclimation: adaptation produced artificially
