Quiz #1 Molecules & Metabolism Flashcards
Which of the following protein binding concepts may result in a reduction of binding?
a) avitivation
b) antagonists
c) modulation
c) two of the above
d) all of the above
b) two of the above: antagonists and modulation **
Which of the following is/are functions performed by membrane proteins?
a) Connecting the cell membrane to the cytoskeleton
b) Catalyzing chemical reactions
c) The binding of ligands that leads to further events inside the cell
d) Transporting substances between the extracellular and intracellular environments
e) B, C, and D only
f) All of the above
f) all of the above
Which statement(s) accurately describe the concentration of ions in the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments?
a) The intracellular fluid has a high concentration of Na+ and low concentration of K+
b) The intracellular fluid has a low concentration of Na+ and high concentration of K+
c) The extracellular fluid has a high concentration of Na+ and low concentration of K+
d) The extracellular fluid has a low concentration of Na+ and high concentration of K+
e) B and C
f) A and D
e) B and C
Which of the following statement(s) about lipids is/are FALSE?
a) They mostly consist of carbon and hydrogen
b) They are polar and thus not water soluble
c) They make up a large part of cell membranes
d) They are a good insulator
e) A, B, and C only
b) They are polar and thus not water soluble
Which of the following epithelial cells commonly line the blood vessels?
a) Exchange epithelial cells
b) Transporting epithelial cells
c) Secretory epithelial cells
d) Protective epithelial cells
e) Ciliated epithelial cells
a) exchange epithelial cells
What is the major difference between diffusion and osmosis?
a) Diffusion always happens before osmosis
b) Diffusion happens at the microscopic level but osmosis is visible to the eye
c) In osmosis, the solvent moves; in diffusion, the
solute moves
d) In osmosis, the solute moves; in diffusion, the solvent moves
e) Osmosis moves larger molecules; diffusion moves smaller molecules
c) In osmosis, the solvent moves; in diffusion, the solute moves
Which of the following is/are NOT a type of connective tissue?
a) adipose tissue
b) muscle tissue
c) blood
d) cartilage
e) B and C only
f) none of the above
b) muscle tissue
Cells regulate metabolism through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT:
a) altering the concentration of enzymes
b) through the use of feedback mechanisms
c) using the same enzymes to catalyze reversible reactions
d) compartmentalizing enzymes within organelles
e) Monitoring the ratio of ATP and ADP
f) All of the above are mechanisms to regulate metabolism
c) using the same enzymes to catalyze reversible reactions
Identify the level of organization that you would need to know in order to group cells together into categories based on their similar structure and function.
a) organ
b) organism
c) tissue
d) organelle
e) cells
c) tissue
If a cell placed in solution shrinks, the solution is said to be ______ ?
a) Hypotonic, and water moves into the cell
b) Isotonic, and water moves both into and out of the cell
c) Hypertonic, and water moves into the cell
d) Hypertonic, and water moves out of the cell
e) Hypotonic, and water moves moves out of the cell
d) Hypertonic, and water moves out of the cell
Which of the following statements regarding catabolism is/are FALSE?
a) It involves the breakdown of large biomolecules
b) It involves a transfer of energy into covalent bonds
c) It is constantly ongoing in the body
d) It can produce intermediates that can become substrates for other reactions
e) none of the above
b) It involves a transfer of energy into covalent bonds
The conversion of ATP to ADP is considered an ________ reaction.
a) endergonic
b) inorganic
c) energetic
d) infrequent
e) exergonic
e) exergonic
Which of the following is NOT an aspect related to diffusion?
a) the process is passive
b) directly related to temperature
c) Occurs at variable rates depending on distance
d) Movement occurs from low to high concentration until equilibrium is reached
e) Can occur in an open system or across a partition
d) Movement occurs from low to high concentration until equilibrium is reached
Which type of cell junction involves the direct connection of the cytoplasm of two cells by connexon pores?
a) gap junctions
b) tight junctions
c) anchoring junctions
d) leaky junctions
e) all of the above
a) gap junctions
In which systems would it be beneficial to have thin layers of absorptive tissue in the body? (select all that apply)
a) nervous
b) respiratory
c) muscular
d) digestive
e) circulatory
b) reparatory & d) digestive & e) circulatory
If a ligand is designed with near-identical shape to its receptor, what enzymatic principle is being used?
a) competition
b) saturation
c) conformation
d) selectivity
e) specificity
e) specificity
Which of the following statement(s) about glycolysis is/are TRUE?
a) Glycolysis can be aerobic or anaerobic
b) Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol
c) Glycolysis produces a net yield of 2 ATP
d) Glycolysis yields 2 pyruvate molecules per glucose molecule
e) two of the above
f) all of the above
f) all of the above
Which of the following could have an effect on the overall progress of a reaction?
a) temperature
b) enzyme concentration
c) pH
d) surface area
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
A membrane bilayer consists of all of the following, EXCEPT:
a) cholesterol
b) phospholipids
c) fatty acids
d) carbohydrates
e) all of the above are apart of the bilayer
e) all of the above are apart of the bilayer
Which of the following statement(s) about channel proteins is/are TRUE?
a) Transfer small ions and water; transport is rapid
b) Transfer large molecules; transport is rapid
c) Transfer small ions and water; transport is slow
d) Transport large molecules; transport is slow
e) none of the above
a) transfer small ions and water; transport is rapid
Which of the following is/are TRUE of an enzymatic reaction?
a) Enzymes increase the rate of the reaction by increasing the activation energy
b) enzymes increase the rate of the reaction by decreasing the activation energy
c) Enzymes decrease the rate of the reaction by increasing the activation energy
d) Enzymes decrease the rate of the reaction by decreasing the activation energy
e) none of the above
b) enzymes increase the rate of the reaction by decreasing the activation energy
What molecule is the branch point for aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of glucose?
a) pyruvate
b) Acetyl-CoA
c) NAHD
d) Glucose-6-phosphate
e) glucose-1-phosphate
a) pyruvate
Facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion occur at a similar rate when…
a) there is very little solute
b) there are high levels;s of solute
c) there are high levels of solvent
d) there are low levels of solvents
e) none of the above are correct
e) none of the above are correct
Which of the following organelles has an intermembrane space created by its two membrane layers?
a) mitochondria
b) Golgi apparatus
c) vesicles
d) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
e) nucleus
a) mitochondria
