unit 1 miss green aim Flashcards
How growth be measured?
- Measuring head circumference to check for skull growth. This is measured at birth and between 6 to 8 weeks.
- Measuring weight
- Measuring height; until 2 years old the child’s length is measured while they are lying down. However, after 2 years their height is measured.
What are the 5 factors affecting development?
- growth
- genetics
- the environment
- stimulation
- illness or injury
What are the 4 areas of development?
Physical, cognitive, emotional, social.
What is holistic development?
The interrelationship between areas of development.
What are gross motor skills and why are they important?
Gross motor skills control large movements around the torso, hands, feet, and arms.
- They are important as they impact if children can join in physical activities that help them to socialise with other kids.
- Also physical activity helps them to gain a sense of achievement that helps to build self-esteem.
What are fine motor skills and why are they important?
Fine motor skills are important for controlling and coordinating movement of the small muscles in fingers and hands.
- They are important for children to explore materials; to construct and develop concepts.
- Handwriting skills help them to develop language and communication.
- Independence in self-care leading to self-esteem.
What is neurological development?
Describes the growth of the brain and the forming of neurological conditions.
Why is early development important for neurological development?
The first few years of life are the most crucial time for brain development as the development of the brain is influenced by :
- any predisposition inherited by a parent
- experiences.
What are neurons?
Neurons are single brain cells. There are billions of neurons in the brain. Electrical signals are sent and received between the neurons. These are highly important for an individual’s thoughts and processes.
What are neural pathways?
Connections between neurons are neural pathways. They help information move easily.
- There are already neural pathways in the brain at birth.
- Experiences develop more neural pathways.
- Neural pathways that are not used are removed. This starts at 18 months of age.
What are the periods of neurological development?
- Sensing pathways ( birth to 4 months ) the senses are the first to develop ( vision, taste, hearing, touch, smell )
- Language skills at 9 -10 months; Language and communication skills start to develop around this stage.
- Higher cognitive function skills from 12 months to 3 years; higher cognitive skills are developing.
What is atypical development?
Development that does not follow the expected patterns.
What are the 4 types of atypical development?
- Delayed global development = child delayed in all areas of development.
- Specific delay = child delayed in one area of development.
- Gifted development = The child’s cognitive and language skills are more advanced than expected at their age.
- Talented = Children have skills and abilities that are advanced for their age, such as physical development or musical or artistic abilities.
What is the importance of recognising atypical development?
- To provide support at an early stage
- To involve and work with parents
- To reduce the impact on behavior.
- To refer to appropriate specialist support
- To reduce the impact on other areas of development.
What is genotype and phenotype?
Genotype is the genetic information that is inherited from their parents. Phenotype refers to the way the genes are expressed in the characteristics of the child.
