Unit 1 List 2 Cell Energy LC Flashcards
Autotroph
An organism that can produce its own food
Light reactions
The process of photosynthesis that converst energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of NADPH and ATP.
Chlorophyll
A pigment in the leaves of a plant that helps it photosythisize.
Photosythesis
A process where water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide are used and processed in chloroplasts to make energy for autotrophs.
Calvin cycle
A cycle that occurs in the chlorplasts and has chemical reactions where the carbon from the carbon cycle is fixed into sugars
Electronn transport chain
A sequence of four protein complexes that couple redox reactions, developing an electrochemical gradient that results in the creation of ATP in a system named oxidative phosphorylation
NADPH
the product of the first level of photosythesis
Pigment
Any colored material that is found in plants and animal cells.
Granum
a coin-shaped stack of thylakoids, which are the membrane-like structures found inside the chloroplasts of plant cells.
Stomata
A pore in the bottom of a leaf that controls what gasses come in and out of the plant.
Carbon Fixations
The process by which plants and algae convert the carbon found in inorganic molecules in the atmosphere into organic matter to produce biological building blocks and fuel for cellular respiration.
Heterotrophs
An organism that feeds off other animals for energy and nutrients.
Thylakoids
pouch-like sacs that are bound to a membrane in the chloroplasts of a plant cell
Carotenoids
Accessory pigments that help the process of photosynthesis.
mitochondrial matrix
A gel-like material in the mitochondrion, or organelle that performs the process of aerobic respiration, that contains ribosomes resembling those of bacteria.
