UNIT 1 - HANDOUT (pt2 Flashcards
ORGAN SYSTEMS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
- integumentary system
- nervous system
- skeletal system
- muscular system
- cardiovascular system
- digestive system
- respiratory system
- endocrine system
- lymphatic system
- urinary system
- reproductive system
Parts
- skin
- hair
- nails
- sweat glands
- oil glands
Functions
- protection
- thermoregulation
- elimination of wastes
- synthesis of Vit D, detects sensations
integumentary system
Parts:
- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves
Functions:
- regulate and control body activities
nervous system
Parts:
- bones
- joints
- cartilages
Functions:
- support
- protection
- attachment point
- aids in movement
- production of blood cells
- storage
skeletal system
Parts:
- skeletal muscle
Functions:
- movement
- maintains posture
- heat production
muscular system
Parts:
- Herts
- blood vessels
- blood
Functions:
- circulation of blood
- transport of nutrients and waste products
- regulates acid-base balance
- temperature and water
- immunity and repair
cardiovascular system
Parts:
- mouth
- pharynx
- esophagus
- stomach
- small and large intestines
- anus
- digestive glands
- liver
- gallbladder
- pancreas
Functions:
- physical and chemical breakdown of food
- absorption of nutrients
- elimination of wastes
digestive system
Parts:
- lungs
- pharynx
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchial tubes
Functions:
- respiration
- regulate acid-base balance
- production of sound
respiratory system
Parts:
- pineal gland
- hypothalamus
- pituitary gland
- thymus
- thyroid gland
- parathyroid glands
- adrenal glands
- pancreas
- ovaries
- testes
- hormone producing cells
Functions:
- hormone regulation
endocrine system
Parts:
- lymphatic fluid
- lymphatic vessels
- spleen
- thymus
- lymph nodes
- tonsils
- cells involved in immune responses
Functions:
- transport of some nutrients and fluid
- immunity
lymphatic system
Parts:
- Kidneys
- ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethra
Functions:
- production
- storage and elimination of urine and wastes
- regulated blood volume and composition
- acid-base balance and production of RBC
urinary system
Parts:
- Male (testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, prostate, penis)
- Female (ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, vagina, mammary gland)
Functions:
- production and storage of gametes
- hormone regulation and production
- production of milk
- reproduction
reproductive system
BASIC LIFE PROCESSES
- metabolism
- responsiveness
- movement
- growth
- differentiation
- reproduction
- sum of all chemical processes in the body
- _________: breakdown of complex substances to simpler components
- _________: building up complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components
- Catabolism
- Anabolism
METABOLISM
- _________: the ability to respond and detect bodily changes
- _________: motion of the whole body, individual organs, cells, and even tiny structures inside cells
- responsiveness
- movement
- _________: An increase in body size that results from an increase in the size of existing cells, an increase in the number of cells or both
- _________: the development of a cell from an unspecialized to specialized state
- _________: the formation of new cells for growth, repair, replacement or the production of a new individual
- growth
- differentiation
- reproduction
CONTROL OF HOMEOSTASIS
- feedback system components
- receptor
- control center
- effector - negative feedback system
- positive feedback system
- ________: detects changes in a controlled condition and sends input to a control center (______________)
- ________: sets the range of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates the input it receives from receptors, generates output commands when needed (______________)
- ________: receives output from control center and produces a response or effect that changes the controlled condition
- receptor (afferent pathway)
- control center (efferent pathway)
- effector
- reverses a change in a controlled system
- mostly seen in conditions that remain fairly stable over long periods
- ex: regulation of blood pressure
negative feedback system
- strengthens or reinforces a change in one of the body’s controlled conditions
- mostly seen in conditions that do not occur often
- ex: labor and childbirth, mechanism in blood loss, blood clotting
positive feedback system
BODY POSITIONS
- upright
- prone
- supine
- lateral
- recumbent
- fowler’s
- orthopneic
- sim’s
- lithotomy
- trendelenburg
- reverse trendelenburg
- knee chest
- jackknife
- kidney
standing
upright
lying face down
prone
lying on your back
supine
